Organismal Biology - Final 2008 Written Answers - BIO1130...

Unformatted text preview: BIO1130 Final Examination – December 15, 2008 STUDENT NUMBER:_______________________________ Don’t enter your name. BIO 1130 An Introduction to Organismal biology Final examination Worth either 35% of your final grade Total points for both parts of the exam is 105 pts Monday 9:30 am, December 15, 2008 Part B: Written questions a) Place your name and student number in the space provided below. Be sure that your name, or student number, is on the top of each of the following pages – the exam will be separated and if you name is not on a page your mark will be zero for that page b) Answer all questions in the space provided on the exam. Do not transfer answers to the back of the page. c) You may use either pencil of ink for your answers. d) Answers as written paragraphs are preferred but point form is acceptable as long as the points are logically organized and not random statements or facts e) This is not an open book exam. f) There are seven pages including this one in part B of the exam, be sure you have all seven pages Name: __________________________________________ Student number: __________________________________ Page 1 of 7 BIO1130 Final Examination – December 15, 2008 STUDENT NUMBER:_______________________________ Don’t enter your name. 18 pts Part 1. Briefly explain what each of the following terms means or the biological contribution made by the person. Where possible include an example in your explanation from a group or an organism to which the term or name applies. Heterokaryon {cell with two nuclei}{the nuclei are genetically different/dissimilar}{fungal cells as an example} Biological species {Populations of organisms/organisms that interbreed with each other}{reproductively isolated/no exchange of genetic materials/ with other populations of organisms} Pterosaurs {Flying} {dinosaurs/reptiles}{Make their first appearance at the end of the Triassic/radiate in the Jurrasic/late jurrasic} Viviparous {Young/babies/new individuals} {are born alive/not from and egg} {developing embryo/young nourished inside female} {mammals and any other suitable example} Page 2 of 7 BIO1130 Final Examination – December 15, 2008 STUDENT NUMBER:_______________________________ Don’t enter your name. Alternation of generations {plant life cycle} {both haploid and diploid stages present/alternate between a haploid and diploid stage} {both haploid and diploid stage contribute equally to the life-cycle} Folk taxonomy {Oldest/original classification system} {based on word of mouth/not written down}{state a limitation - limitations acceptable in answer: limited to between 400 and 600 objects; limited to at most 4 nested/hierarchical levels} Anything written below this line will not be marked. Page 3 of 7 BIO1130 Final Examination – December 15, 2008 STUDENT NUMBER:_______________________________ Don’t enter your name. 30 pts Part 2: Fill in the missing word, or provide the one word answer in the space provided at the end of the sentence. If the line is missing, add it. 2.1 Number of times wings evolved in the animals. __________________ Four Head 2.2 The main sensory tagma of an insect. ______________________ 2.3 Controlled opening in a leaf through which gases and waters move. ______________________ Stomata Cuticle 2.4 The water proof layer of a leaf. ______________________ Wind 2.5 In conifers (gymnosperms) pollen is dispersed using this. ______________________ 2.6 In the seed plants the spores differ in appearance from each other and the two are described as this. ______________________ Heterospores/Heterosporous 2.7 This muticellular part of the plant life cycle produces Gametophyte gametes. ______________________ 2.8 This gamete is produced inside a mosses antheridial head. ______________________ Sperm Allantois 2.9 Wastes generated by a reptile embryo are stored here. ______________________ 2.10 To be considered a leaf the photosynthetic tissue must have this type of tissue in it. ________________ Vascular 2.11 This spore producing structure is found in the female pine Megasporangium cone. ______________________ 2.12 The type of animal most commonly used by flowering plants for pollination. ______________________ Insects 2.13 Number of nuclei in the female gametophyte of a flowering plant. Eight ______________________ 2.14 The vascular water absorbing part of the plant. ______________________ Root 2.15 The female embryonic protective device of gymnosperms and Seed angiosperms. ______________________ 2.16 In this fungal-plant mutualism the fungal hyphae don't invade the Ectomycorrhizal plant cells. ______________________ Light 2.17 What were the first vascular plants were reaching up for. ______________________ Pupa 2.18 You won't find this stage in a hemimetabolous insect. ______________________ Page 4 of 7 BIO1130 Final Examination – December 15, 2008 STUDENT NUMBER:_______________________________ Don’t enter your name. Two 2.19 Number of nuclei inside an angiosperm pollen grain. ______________________ 2.20 Female gametophytes in gymnosperms develop from this Megaspores spore type. ______________________ Sporangium 2.21 Plant Spores are produced inside this structure. ______________________ 2.22 A mature sporophyte produces this part of the mosses reproductive life cycle. ______________________ Spores 2.23 This gas is the source of almost all the biomass of a Carbon dioxide plant. (Two words). ______________________ 2.24 The fleshy part of the fruit that surrounds the seeds forms from this part of the Ovary female part of the flower. ______________________ 2.25 This sugar reward in flowering plants is a gift to their pollinators. ______________________ Nectar 2.26 Lignin's original form or appearance in the first vascular Rings/spirals plant cells. ______________________ 2.27 Ascomycotes get their name from this sac like structure that surrounds the spores. ______________________ Ascus 2.28 In the life cycle of plants are their spores diploid of Haploid haploid? ______________________ 2.29 Fungal cells are also important in breaking down this carbohydrate complex found Cellulose in plant cell walls. ______________________ Lichen 2.30 Unique algal fungal association. ______________________ Part three of the exam is on the next page Page 5 of 7 BIO1130 Final Examination – December 15, 2008 STUDENT NUMBER:_______________________________ Don’t enter your name. 19 pts Part 3: Answer the following two questions in the space provided. 6 pts 3.1 Successful invasion of land required protecting sperm during transfer to the female and the resulting zygote from drying out. Why? Give one plant and one insect example of how these problems were solved? Plant: {example either angiosperms/flowering plants or gymnosperms/conifers/pine}{pollen is a waterproof protective structure surrounding the sperm} {seed – protective case with nutrients to supply embryo Insect Insects have two strategies for sperm transfer and both should be mentioned{spermatophore/sperm package protects sperm as passed to female}{Internal fertilization sperm passed directly to the female}{Egg surrounded by protective chorion/shell that prevents water loss – can’t use the term must make link to water loss} 6 pts 3.2 Amniotes are divided into two groups based on the morphology of the skull. Who are the Amniotes, why and what are the differences in the morphologies. Which vertebrate groups are found in each of the two groups. Amniotes: {animals where embryos surrounded by an amnion/amniotic fluid/amniotic sac, don’t accept shell since this makes the answer incorrect for the mammals which are also amniotes} {Synapsids with a single opening }– {includes the mammals} {Diapsids with a double opening} – {includes reptiles and birds} {openings in the skull allow better flexion of the jaw/mandible muscles} Page 6 of 7 BIO1130 Final Examination – December 15, 2008 STUDENT NUMBER:_______________________________ Don’t enter your name. A D B C E G 2(0) F 3(1) 3(1) 9(1) 8(1) 7(1) 6(1) 5(1) 4(1) 2(1) 1(1) 7 pts 3.3 Complete the character matrix below for the cladogram shown above. Outgroup/sistergroup In cladistic analysis what is the name given to taxon A: _________________________ Character 3 Give an example of a homoplasic character:___________________ Character polarity (0 or 1) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 B 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 C 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 D 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 F 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 G 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 {Outgroup score two points/sister group one point}{1pt homoplasic character is 3} {Species A 1 point, must be correct in all cases}{B,C,D,E,F,G – 0.5 pts again all data on the line must be correct Page 7 of 7 ...
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