11/10/2008
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Lecture 15 : Learning and Memory
Overview
1.
Review
2
Eating disorders
2.
3.
Definition of learning and memory
4.
Types of memory
5.
Anatomy of learning and memory
Learning:
a long term change in behavior as a function of experiences.
Also: LEARNING consists of the acquisition, storage and retrieval
of MEMORY
Learning and Memory definition
Memory:
the capacity to retain and retrieve past experiences.
Where is memory located?:
Lashley assumed that memories were stored in
CORTEX.
However
, cortical lesions in rats usually impaired performance but
the animals could relearn the task.
He proposed the “LAWS” of
MASS ACTION
(the more damage, the
greater the deficit) and
EQUI- POTENTIALITY
(different regions of
the cortex could do the same task).
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11/10/2008
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Habituation
A decrease in response following repeated exposure to a non-
threatening stimulus.
Types of Learning
Sensitization
An increase in reactivity to a stimulus following exposure to an
intense event.
Pavlovian Conditioning
Type of learning in which a neutral stimulus is paired with a
stimulus that elicits a reflex response until the neutral stimulus
elicits the reflex response by itself.
Stimulus-Response Learning
Stimulus-response learning:
learning to automatically make a
particular response in the presence of a particular stimulus.
A)
Classical conditioning (Pavlovian conditioning)
i
l
t
ti
i
t
i
l
(f
d
k
h
— involves automatic, species-typical responses (food makes a hungry
animal salivate…)
— involves an
association between two stimuli