Lecture 7 - 27.01.10 - 27.01.10 History 10B Lecture 7...

27.01.10
History 10B – Lecture 7
Protests, Religious Organising and the Rise of Nationalism
• Colonialism
• 1930s: A pivotal decade
• The legacy of Pan-Africanism
• African religious nationalism
• The role of WWII veterans
• Great African leaders and the founding of national parties
• Road to independence
Colonialism
• What is colonialism?
o The sovereignty of an area in the hands of outsiders who control by military force, administration,
legal control, economic domination and cultural/educational/ideological imperialism
• Purpose of colonies?
o Extract raw materials (Source of cheap wealth)
o Export manufactured goods (Market for cheap goods)
Who foots the bill for colonialism?
• European governments? NO
• European capital enterprises? NO
• Answer: AFRICANS
• Colonialism had only one hand – it was a one-armed bandit as per A. Adu Boahen (1932-06)
Colonial Machinery – see it as an octopus reaching into Africa with railroads as its tentacles
1. Paxa colonia: Establish military force
2. Colonial Administrative Apparatus (Taxation)
3. Expropriation of the means of production (Land)
4. Development infrastructure
5. Set up medical facilities
6. Set up schools ( colomentality )
Colonial Hierarchy
• European monarchy at the top
• African intermediaries
• African Subjects
Colonial Ruling
• French Direct Rule
o Getting rid of local chiefs and putting place their own authority. Had a lot more colonial officers
on the ground than the British did. More military oriented. They would rule with a local
representative but had trained administrators under their wings. Did not use local authority.
• British Indirect Rule

o Working indirectly through local authorities. On the cheap because the British tried to maintain
local structures as much as possible. When there was no local structure, they would put in place a
warrant chief that would rule. Devised by Lord Lugard ”