BASICS OF GUIDANCE
AND COUNSELING
DR JOYZY PIUS
EGUNJOBI
INTRODUCT
ION
School counseling is associated
with Guidance and Counseling
School counselors help to make
learning a positive experience
for every student.
They are sensitive to individual
differences.
INTRODUCT
ION
School Counselors know that a classroom
environment that is good for one child is not
necessarily good for another.
Counselors facilitate communication among
teachers, parents, administrators, and
students to adapt the school's environment in
the best interests of each individual student.
They help individual students make the most
of their school experiences and prepare them
for the future.
HISTORY OF
GUIDANCE AND
COUNSELING
… In
Ancient
time
The case of guidance and
counseling can be traced back to
the ancient time
The foundations of counseling and guidance
principles can be traced to the ancient Greece
and Rome with the philosophical teachings of
Plato and Aristotle.
There is also evidence to argue that some of
the techniques and skills of modern-day
guidance counselors were practiced by Catholic
priests in the Middle Ages, as can be seen by
the dedication to the concept of confidentiality
within the confessional.
… In
Recent
Time
Near the end of the sixteenth century,
one of the first texts about career
options appeared:
The Universal Plaza
of All the Professions of the
World,
(1626) written by Tomaso
Garzoni.
Nevertheless, formal guidance
programs using specialized textbooks
did not start until the turn of the
twentieth century.
In the United States
•
The social and political reformer Frank Parsons is often credited
with being the father of the vocational guidance movement.
•
In the United States, the school counseling profession began as
a vocational guidance movement.
•
From the 1920s to the 1930s,
school counseling and guidance grew because of the rise of
progressive education in schools.
•
National Association for College Admission Counseling is
founded in 1937
In the United States
•
The factors leading to the development of guidance and
counseling in the United States began in the 1890s with the social
reform movement.
•
The difficulties of people living in urban slums and the widespread
use of child labor outraged many.
•
One of the consequences was the compulsory education
movement and shortly thereafter the vocational guidance
movement, which, in its early days, was concerned with guiding
people into the workforce to become productive members of
society.
In the United States
•
The social and political reformer Frank Parsons is often
credited with being the father of the vocational guidance
movement. His work with the Civic Service House led to the
development of the Boston Vocation Bureau.
•
In 1909 the Boston Vocation Bureau helped outline a system
of vocational guidance in the Boston public schools.
