Anthropology – Exam I Review - Anthropology...

Anthropology – Exam I Review
Chapter 1
1. A
NTHROPOLOGY
:
DEFINITION AND FIELDS
a.
Anthropology : study of humankind in all times/places, including prehistoric origins and
contemporary human diversity
i.
Humanistic Approach: subjective way of understanding humanity through symbolic
expression
b.
Cultural Anthropology : study of contemporary people and cultures
i. Considers variations and similarities across cultures, and how cultures change over time
ii. Encompasses all aspects of human experience
iii.
c.
Biological Anthropology : study of humans as biological organisms, including evolution and
contemporary variation
i.
Primatology : study of nonhuman members or primates in the wild and captivity
ii.
Paleoanthropology : study of human evolution on the basis of fossil records
iii.
Contemporary Human Biological Variation : define, measure, and seek to explain
differences in the biological makeup and behavior of contemporary humans
d.
Archaeology : study of past human cultures through remains (200,000 years)
e.
Linguistic Anthropology : study of human communication, mainly among humans
i.
Historical Linguistics : study of language over time and how languages are related
ii.
Descriptive Linguistics: study of how contemporary languages differ in terms of formal
structure
iii.
Sociolinguistics: study of relationships among social variation, social context, and