SREL 1350 Study Guide Materials Apostolic Fathers Definition Their connection to apostles Ignatius of Antioch Use of the word catholic Monarchical episcopate View of Eucharist View of martyrdom Apostolic Father Didache Some characteristics of the “way of life and way of death” Instructions on baptism, fasting and Lord’s Prayer Means of testing a false prophet The author’s words on following the whole yoke of the Lord Its other title Theology of Martyrdom Pliny to Trajan Edict of Milan (313) Martyrdom of Polycarp –the fire Perpetua Summarize story Example of Martyrdom Role of father; role of the infant; brothers; the pitcher She is from where…. Gnosticism Heresy and orthodoxy Basic definitions, leaders boundaries defined Syncretism Docetism Dualism of… Gnosis
Salvation by… Role and Concept of Jesus Pleroma Demiurge Creator View of Scriptures Opponent: Irenaeus of Lyons Battled the Gnostics, docetism/Against Heresies 3 safeguards to the faith: canon, creed, clergy (how did these function) Apostolic Succession (and how did Irenaeus personally fit into this scheme) Recapitulation – definition; connection to the incarnation, second Adam Apostles Creed Montanism Leaders New Prophecy (ecstatic speech) Prophet v. Bishop Continuing Revelation Apologists Definition of Apologist Celsus’ criticisms of Christianity and the Church’s basic responses Apologies were addressed to whom and were really meant for… Biblical/Cultural Separatism Tertullian – view toward Greek philosophy, What has Athens to do with Jerusalem?, What Does the Academy have to do with the Church?, Why do heresies arise? Justin Martyr -First and Second Apology, attitude toward Greek philosophy, his use of Logos, manner of his death, why worship on Sunday, “inclusivism” Development of the Christian Canon Marcion (his dualism, his closed canon, his Christology and his use of Paul) Diatessaron Criteria for inclusion in the Canon Montanists and Gnostics: their role in canon Date for the New Testament in the form we have it/Athanasius Didacheas an example of… 3fold method of biblical interpretation - Origen anthropomorphisms Progressive Revelation Apocrypha Latin Vulgate
Trinitarian and Christological Controversies Adoptionism– Belief that Jesus was born merely human and became divine later in life; rejected by Early Christianity Modalism/Sabellianism –Modalism - idea about God Sabelianism -idea about God from Sabelias Subordinationism –There’s a hierarchy of the father son and spirit… Tertullian - trinity Dates and major decisions for all the major councils Nicea - Constantinople - Ephesus –Nestorius condemned, “union of two natures”, fully human; fully divine Chalcedon –Christ is fully human; fully divine Homoousios, homoioousios, heteroousios 1. Homoousios –Christ is “of the same essence” 2. Homoioousios –“of similar essence” 3. Heteroousios – Father and Son (of different essence)…different beings Arius – views Athanasius –emerges as leader of orthodox/homoousios party
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