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Chapter 1 intro for genetics

Chapter 1 intro for genetics - Genetic Investigation traits...

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“Genetics is not simply one of many aspects of the study of biology. Genetic analysis is a path of approach to almost all properties of living systems.”
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Each cell contains chromosomes, and chromosomes contain genes
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Each cell contains chromosomes, and chromosomes contain genes
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Each cell contains chromosomes, and chromosomes contain genes
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Each cell contains chromosomes, and chromosomes contain genes
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Each cell contains chromosomes, and chromosomes contain genes
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Each cell contains chromosomes, and chromosomes contain genes { { { traits chromosomes DNA
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The central dogma: DNA RNA Protein transcription translation DNA replication
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Genetic Investigation { { { traits chromosomes DNA Forward genetics : start with a variable trait, investigate the DNA origin.
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A mutant gene causes albinism Terminology: wild-type : normal/usual form mutant : exceptional variants
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A malfunctioning enzyme leads to albinism
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Unformatted text preview: Genetic Investigation { traits chromosomes DNA Reverse genetics : start with the DNA, then use model organisms to test how changing the DNA affects traits. The genomes of humans and chimpanzees differ by only a small percentage of nucleotides Model Organisms What traits are useful? • ability to grow large numbers of individuals • fast generation time • ease of growing in laboratory • simple genetics • applicability to problems of interest • knowledge and reagents available Most commonly studied model organisms: • viruses • E. coli • yeast • Neurospora (filamentous fungi) • Arabidopsis thaliana • Caenorhabditus elegans • Drosophila melanogaster • frog • zebrafish • mouse • human (cell culture) Model Organisms...
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