Hemorrhage+worksheet+answers - Response to hemorrhage worksheet 1 Immediate Effects on Mean Arterial Pressure 1A 1B Blood volume 1F 1E MAP Venous return

Sympathetic output to blood vessels Sympathetic output to heart Response to hemorrhage worksheet 1) Immediate Effects on Mean Arterial Pressure 2) Short term responses to hypotension 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1F 2A (from 1F) 2B 2C 2D 2E 2F 2G 2H 2I 2J Epinephrine levels Blood volume EDV Cardiac output Magnitude: - 30 mm Hg Magnitude: +18 mm Hg MAP MAP Baroreceptor activity MAP Heart rate Venous return Total peripheral resistance Venous return Stroke volume Cardiac output

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Questions, Parts 1) and 2): 1) What is the net change in MAP after blood loss? What is responsible for reducing the magnitude of the initial fall in MAP 2) Why is the change in venous return (box 2G) so important in raising MAP? 3) What is the neural pathway that produces the change in epinephrine levels indicated in box 2D? 4) What is the mechanism behind changes in boxes 2G and 2H? Net decrease of 12 mm Hg; decreased baroreceptor activity led to increased sympathetic output increasing MAP.