KroghF09.013
Biological Evolution
Feb. 25, 2011
Topic 11:
Biological
Evolution
Chapters 16, 17 and 18
I.
Core Principles of Evolution
A.
Evolution is “Descent with Modification”
•
All life descended from ancient common ancestor
•
Genetic mutation is source of modificaiton
B.
Natural
Selection causes most biological evolution
•
Requires (genetic) phenotypic variation within population
•
Strongest when reproduction and competition is high
•
Best adapted individuals reproduce
•
Alleles for adaptations increase in next generation
II.
Life and Times of Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
Fig 16.1
A.
Revolution in physical and Earth sciences in previous two centuries
B.
Global exploration and rise of biogeography
•
Uneven distribution of biodiversity
C.
Lyell (1830) Uniformitarianism and Earth’s great age
D.
Early evolutionists
•
Lamarck (paleontologist) progressive evolution by acquired characteristics
E.
Darwin travels around the world 1831-1836
(Fig. 16.3)
•
Darwin Finches and adaptive radiation
(fig. 16.7)
F.
1859
“On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection”
III.
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- Spring '09
- Evolution, Mutation, gene pool
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