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PGS 101, Lec 7 (Prob Solving & Language Acquisition)

PGS 101, Lec 7 (Prob Solving & Language...

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Click to edit Master subtitle style The Psychology of Problem Solving
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Problem Solving • Active efforts to achieve a goal • Types of Problems – Structure problems • Series completion, analogies – Arrangement problems • Anagram – Transformation problems
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What screws us up? • Irrelevant information • Functional fixedness • Mental set – If it worked once, it will work again • Unnecessary constraints
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Approaches to Problem Solving • Trial & error • Heuristics • Forming subgoals • Working backward • Search for analogies • Change the representation
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Risky Decision Making • Factors – Objective value – Subjective utility – Subjective probabilities
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Common Probability Bloopers • Availability bias • Representativeness bias • Ignoring base rates • The conjunction fallacy • The gambler’s fallacy • Ignoring sample size
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The Psychology of Language Acquisition
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Language • Symbolic • Infinitely generative • Structured
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Structure of Language •
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