President Harry Truman would peace bring back Depression? role of government to prevent future Depressions Bracero Program, 1942 was a series of laws and diplomatic agreements, initiated by an August 1942 exchange of diplomatic notes between the United Statesand Mexico, for the importation of temporary contract laborers from Mexico to the United States. G.I. Bill, 1944 was anomnibus billthat provided college or vocational education for returningWorld War II veterans(commonly referred to asG.I.s) as well as one year of unemployment compensation. It also provided many different types of loans for returning veterans to buy homes and start businesses. Since the original act, the term has come to include other veteran benefit programs created to assist veterans of subsequent wars as well as peacetime service. Bretton Woods Conference, 1944 BrettonWoodsConferenceofmonetarymanagementestablishedtherules forcommercialandfinancialrelations among the world's majorindustrial statesin the mid 20th century. The Bretton Woods system was the first example of a fully negotiated monetary order intended to govern monetary relations among independent nation-states. Preparing to rebuild the international economic system asWorld War IIwas still raging, 730 delegates from all 44Allied nationsgathered at theMount Washington HotelinBretton Woods, New Hampshire,United States, for theUnited Nations Monetary and Financial Conference. The delegates deliberated upon and signed the Bretton Woods Agreements during the first three weeks of July 1944. Setting up a system of rules, institutions, and procedures to regulate the international monetary system, the planners at Bretton Woods established theInternational Monetary Fund(IMF) and theInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development(IBRD), which today is part of theWorld Bank Group. These organizations became operational in 1945 after a sufficient number of countries had ratified the agreement. The chief features of the Bretton Woods system were an obligation for each country to adopt amonetary policythat maintained theexchange rateby tying itscurrencyto the U.S. dollar and the ability of the IMF to bridge temporaryimbalances of payments. On August 15, 1971, the United States unilaterally terminatedconvertibilityof thedollarto gold. As a result, "[t]he Bretton Woods system officially ended and the dollar became fully 'fiat
