Chapter 7
Bone Tissue
BONE AS A TISSUE
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Dynamic tissue that continually remodels itself
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Bones and bone tissue
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bone or osseous tissue is a connective tissue with a matrix hardened by minerals
(__________________)
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bones make up the skeletal system
individual bones are made up of bone tissue, marrow, cartilage & periosteum
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Functions of the skeletal system
Bone Shapes fig.7-1
Long bone
Flat bone
Short bone
BONE PARTS
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Periosteum & articular cartilage
*Compact & spongy bone
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Endosteum
*Yellow marrow
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Shaft or ___________ is cylinder of compact bone containing marrow cavity or
____________ cavity & lined with _________________
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endosteum -layer of _____________ cells and reticular connective tissue
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Enlarged ends or _________________ are spongy bone covered with a layer of compact
bone
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enlarged to strengthen joint & provide for attachment of tendons and ligaments
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Joint surface covered with articular cartilage (lubrication)
What kind of cartilage???
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Remainder of bone covered with periosteum
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outer fibrous layer of collagen fibers continuous with tendons
that penetrate into
bone matrix
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inner osteogenic layer important for growth & healing
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__________________________depends on age
FLAT BONES
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External and internal surfaces of flat bone are composed of compact bone
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Middle layer is spongy bone
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No marrow cavity
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Examples?
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BONE TISSUE CELL TYPES
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1) _____________cells reside in _____________, ____________ or central canals
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arise from embryonic fibroblasts and become only source for new osteoblasts
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multiply continuously & differentiate into osteoblasts in response to stress or
fractures
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2) Osteoblasts form and help mineralize organic matter of
matrix
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3) ____________ are ____________ that have become trapped in the matrix they formed
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signal osteoclasts & osteoblasts about mechanical stresses
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4) Osteoclasts develop in bone marrow by the fusion of 3-50 of the same stem cells that
give rise to monocytes found in blood.
____________________________!!!
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Reside in pits that they have eaten into the surface of the bone
Matrix of bone
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Dry weight is 1/3 organic & 2/3 inorganic matter
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Organic matter
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collagen, glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans & glycoproteins
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Inorganic matter
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85% hydroxyapatite (crystallized calcium phosphate salt)
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10% calcium carbonate
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other minerals (fluoride, sulfate, potassium, magnesium)
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Combination provides for strength & resilience
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minerals resist compression; collagen resists tension
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bone adapts to tension and compression by varying proportions
of minerals and collagen fibers
COMPACT BONE
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Osteon (________________ system) = basic structural unit
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cylinders of tissue formed from layers (________) of matrix arranged around
central canal holding a blood vessel
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osteocytes connected to each other and their blood supply by tiny cell processes in
_____________
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Perforating canals or Volkmann canals
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vascular canals perpendicularly joining central canals- run horizontally
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Circumferential or outer lamellae
FIG 7.4
SPONGY BONE
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- Fall '09
- Staff
- Physiology, Anatomy, Bone marrow
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