GEMIS_LIFE_CYCLE_ANALYSIS_PRESENTATION - Global Emission...

Unformatted text preview: Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems Life-Cycle Analysis of Energy, Transport, and Materials: Introducing GEMIS Version 4.0 Uwe R. Fritsche, Coordinator Energy & Climate Division Öko-Institut (Institute for Applied Ecology) © 1990-2001 by Öko-Institut Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems Overall GEMIS Characteristics N Database on technical, environmental, and cost aspects N Cross-border life-cycle analysis of energy, transport, and material technologies N Evaluation tool, determining tradeoffs between multiple objectives © 1990-2001 by Öko-Institut Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems The Basics: Energy Flows extraction resource transport energy combustion conversion energy transport product e.g. electricity © 1990-2001 by Öko-Institut = main energy flow = auxiliary energy flow Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems air pollutants, greenhouse gases extraction transport air pollutants, greenhouse gases resource liquid/solid wastes liquid/solid wastes land use air pollutants, greenhouse gases transport conversion air pollutants, greenhouse gases liquid/solid wastes liquid/solid wastes land use land use combustion air pollutants, greenhouse gases land use liquid/solid wastes transport product land use © 1990-2001 by Öko-Institut e.g. electricity Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems 2nd Dimension: Material Flows extraction resource transport materials manufacturing transport materials product e.g. plastic © 1990-2001 by Öko-Institut Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems © 1990-2001 by Öko-Institut Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems Access to GEMIS: N The use of GEMIS is free N Model & database files available from Öko-Institut´s website: http://www.oeko.de/service/gemis © 1990-2001 by Öko-Institut Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems USA RSA NL D-West D-East D-total RUS CAN 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 AUS CO2-equiv. per kWh-el Examples from GEMIS calculations of life-cycle emissions from electricity generation in several countries: If countries start to trade (e.g. NL, D, RUS), the „baseline“ for electricity must face regional mixes. © 1990-2001 by Öko-Institut Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems CO2-eq. in g/kWh-el As regards „marginal plants“, here are life-cycle results for various electricity generation options (calculated with GEMIS) from which you could calculate your „own“ baseline mix: 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 n -co ge gas -CC gas -CC coa l-co nve ntio nal coa l-PF BC coa l-IG CC coa l-co gen FG D coa l-co gen FB C coa l-IG CC cog en 0 Note that fluidized-bed combustion (FBC) emits more N2O, so that CO2-equivalents from FBC are higher than from desulfurization (FGD) ! © 1990-2001 by Öko-Institut Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 coalST + oil bo iler gasGT - c oge n + oil boile gasr CC-c oge n + oil boile BIGr STIG -cog en + oil bo BIGile CC-c oge n + oil boile r biog as-c oge n CO2-eq. in g/(kWhel + 2 kWh-th) Comparing cgeneration, especially from biomass residues (grown sustainably) to other options must take into account that two products are deliverd: electricity and heat - therefore, you should add an “equivalent“ heating system to electricity-only generators to the extent that cogen system utilize waste heat- then the balance looks as follows: © 1990-2001 by Öko-Institut Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems In contrast, you can also „credit“ the cogen systems for their utilized waste heat by subtracting e.g. an „avoided“ boiler, so that you get the „net“ emissions for the cogenerated electricity: 1500 g CO2-eq./kWh-el 1000 500 0 -500 -1000 coal-ST gas-GTcogen gas-CCcogen BIG-STIGcogen BIG-CCcogen biogascogen As you can see, the deltas between the options are the same for the „net“ as for the „gross“ method. © 1990-2001 by Öko-Institut Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems GEMIS and the Kioto Mechanisms N GEMIS can calculate „baselines“ of various types, and offers large database for benchmarking N GEMIS helps to determine if and to what extend projects might be „CDMor JI-able“ N GEMIS calculates possible project and CER/ERU costs ranges © 1990-2001 by Öko-Institut ...
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