DOI: 10.1126/science.275.5299.502
, 502 (1997);
275
Science
et al.
P. J. Sellers,
Carbon Between Continents and the Atmosphere
Modeling the Exchanges of Energy, Water, and
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Modeling the Exchanges of Energy, Water, and
Carbon Between Continents and the Atmosphere
P. J. Sellers,* R. E. Dickinson, D. A. Randall, A. K. Betts, F. G. Hall, J. A. Berry, G. J. Collatz,
A. S. Denning, H. A. Mooney, C. A. Nobre, N. Sato, C. B. Field, A. Henderson-Sellers
Atmospheric general circulation models used for climate simulation and weather fore-
casting require the fluxes of radiation, heat, water vapor, and momentum across the
land-atmosphere interface to be specified. These fluxes are calculated by submodels
called land surface parameterizations. Over the last 20 years, these parameterizations
have evolved from simple, unrealistic schemes into credible representations of the global
soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer system as advances in plant physiological and
hydrological research, advances in satellite data interpretation, and the results of large-
scale field experiments have been exploited. Some modern schemes incorporate bio-
geochemical and ecological knowledge and, when coupled with advanced climate and
ocean models, will be capable of modeling the biological and physical responses of the
Earth system to global change, for example, increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide.
U
ntil the early 1980s, global atmospheric
general circulation models (AGCMs) in
-
corporated very simple land surface param
-
eterizations
(LSPs)
to
estimate
the
ex
-
changes of energy, heat, and momentum
between the land surface and the atmo
-
sphere. These have since evolved into a
family of schemes that can realistically de
-
scribe a comprehensive range of land
-
atmo
-
sphere
interactions.
These
advanced
schemes will be needed to understand the
response of the biosphere and the climate
system to global change, for example, in
-
creasing atmospheric CO
2
(
1–3
).

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- Spring '08
- Staff
- Photosynthesis, Atmosphere, land surface, P. J. Sellers, AGCMs
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