ComboStrat - International Combination Strategies Cross border strategic cooperation Developmental Growth Shakeout Introduction Decline Maturity Growth

1 International Combination Strategies Cross border strategic cooperation Introduction Growth Maturity Decline Developmental Growth Shakeout Intra-firm Shakeout Stage Strategies — internal growth Concentrated Growth — product or market development Diversification — concentric or conglomerate Inter-firm Shakeout Stage Strategies — external growth • Focus on and improve existing (concentration) • Create new (development and innovation) • Merger — two or more combine and co-mingle assets • Acquisition — transfer of title in exchange for another value Introduction Growth Maturity Decline Developmental Growth Restructure Rejuvenate Service industries - tend to have short maturity stages and then restructure into industry sectors (e.g. communication, banking) Manufacturing industries - firms follow the pattern and can escape decline by rejuvenating

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2 Niche Breadth Narrow Broad Favors Innovation & Opportunism Favors Efficiency & Problem-Solving Favors Efficiency & Problem-Solving Prospector/ Generalist Analyzer/ Generalist Identify and Develop New niches Competitor Population Density Entrepreneur/ Specialist Defender/