INDIA - SomeBasicData Population:1.15billion...

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Some Basic Data
y
Population: 1.15 billion
y Birth rate: 22.2 per 1,000, 86 th (U.S. 14 per 1,000)
y Life expectancy: 63.5
y 36.94 per 1,00, 60th
y
GDP ‐‐ $906.2 trillion (2006) 13
th
y GDP Per Capita ‐‐ $817 (2006), 160 th
y % of income richest 20%: (55 th ) 46.1% (U.S., 46.4%)
y Income per capita: $442 (128 th ) (U.S., $33,000)
y
% of population living on less than $1 a day: 44% (11
th
) – rapidly
declining past 2 decades
y
Rapidly growing middle class—perhaps 300 million people
y
India has 4 of the 10 richest people in the world, more
billionaires than any other country in Asia, predicted to have
most in the world within a few decades
Data
y
.034 murders per 1,000 people (26 th ) (U.S., .043, 24 th )
y Literacy rate – 60%
y Percentage living in Urban areas: 23% (172 nd ) (U.S.,
8 %) 80%)
y Health care expenditure per capita: $32 (141 st ) (U.S.,
$6,100)
y
Population growth rate per year: 1.58% (88 th ) (U.S.,
o.88)
Religion in India
y
Hinduism: 828 million
y Islam: 138 million
y Christianity: 24 million
y Sikhism: 19.2 million
y Buddhism: 8 million
y Jainism: 4.2 million

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Indus Valley Civilization – about
3000 to 1000 BC
Indus River Civilization
y
Sophisticated Urban civilization
y
Huge advancements in sewerage and drainage,
architecture, precise weights and measures, hygiene,
metallurgy, pottery, ceramics, boating, agricultural
methods, written language and literacy;
y Complex, mathematically planned cities
y Building of canals
y Evidence points to a relatively egalitarian society
y
Religious symbols similar to ones used in modern
Hinduism and Jainism
y
Etc.
Aryans
y
Around 1500 B.C. ‐ invaders from the north, originating in
Siberia.
y
Influence on Hinduism, including introduction of the caste
system
y Drive many from the Indus Valley civilization into southern
part of Indian subcontinent
y Many Aryan kingdoms on the subcontinent over the next
millenium
y In 563 BC, Siddh ā rtha Gautama, the Buddha, is born in
Lumbini, on border of modern day India and Nepal;
y Invasions by Persians (6 th Century BC), Greeks (4 th Century
BC)

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More Conquerers
y
After fall of the Greek empire, period of relative quiet;
y
Gradually, much of the subcontinent is consolidated in six
kingdoms;
y Buddhist ideas are merged into Hinduism
y Relative stability until arrival of the Muslim Caliphate;
y Around 1000 AD, Muslim invasion of Northern India;
y Then invasion by the Mongols
y Then, variety of Muslim strongmen
y In 1526, Mughal monarch Babur conquers Punjab,
beginning Mughal Empire that would soon cover nearly the
entire subcontinent
y Mughals – descendents of the Mongols who converted to
Islam
East India Trading Company
y
1600 – Queen Elizabeth I gives East India Trading Company a
monopoly on British trade in India – trading for cotton, silk, tea,
spices, opium, etc.
y 17 th Century – With trading companies from several countries
vying for control of trade with India;
y And with Mughals facing increased resistance within the
subcontinent;
y
East India Trading Company begins propping up the Mughal
emporer in exchange for favorable trading arrangements;
y
1757 – Battle of Plassey – starts with skirmish between French
company and East India company; people take side of French