carbs and lipids powerpoint - OBJECTIVES Describe the four...

OBJECTIVES:
•
Describe the four main macromolecules important for
life and their monomers (if applicable) and polymers
•
Describe the functions of nucleic acids
•
Explain the differences between RNA and DNA
•
Describe the different structures and functions of
carbohydrates
•
Describe the different kinds of lipids and their functions

II. Macromolecules
C. Carbohydrates
1. Monomer = monosaccharides (“one-sugar”) –
simple sugars
oligo saccharides (few-sugars)
poly saccharides (many-sugars)
2. Components
a. What are 3 elements present?
b. functional groups
-carbonyl group, hydroxyl groups
-vary in location
(C # start near carbonyl)
-diff. structure 
c. What is the ratio of C: H: O?

C. Carbohydrates
3. Monosaccharides
a. Glucose and Fructose
-most common monosaccharides
-attract fruit dispersers and pollinators
-provide ‘quick’ energy
-major nutrient for cells, when broken down produce ATP
-C-H bonds of carbs. have high potential energy;
act as e- donors, transfer potential energy to ATP
C
6
H
12
0
6
+ O
2
 CO
2
+ H
2
O + ATP !!

C. Carbohydrates