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Unformatted text preview: Right Clavicle: superior view Anterior side Posterior side Trapezoid line Posterior side Anterior side
Costal tuberosity Subclavian groove Right Clavicle: inferior view Clavicle; (L., clavicula, little key) a. Sternal or medial end - triangular-shaped medial surface; articulates with
manubrium of sternum; useful landmark to identify medial side of clavicle. b. Acromial or lateral end - flattened, lateral surface; articulates with acromion of
scapula; useful landmark to identify lateral side of clavicle. c. Conoid tubercle - small bump on inferior surface, near acromial end; serves as
attachment point for a ligament; useful landmark to identify inferior surface of clavicle. d. Costal tuberosity (= impression for costo-clavicular ligament or rhomboid
impression) - roughened oval elevation on medial (sternal) side of inferior surface;
serves as attachment point for costoclavicular ligament. e. Subclavian groove - longitudinal indentation that runs along inferior surface
from the costal tuberosity to conoid tubercle; serves as attachment point for
subclavius muscle. f. Trapezoid line or ridge - elevation that runs obliquely from the conoid tubercle
to the lateral end of bone; serves as attachment point for the trapezoid ligament. Copyright. www.GetBodySmart.com by ConceptCreators, Inc. Right Scapula: Anterior View a. Superior angle — a sharp curvature formed at the junction of the superior and medial margins; serves as
an attachment point for the levator scapula muscle. b. Superior border or margin - the superior edge. c. Suprascapular (scapular) notch - small indentation along the superior border medial to the coracold
process. d. Acromion (Gr., akron, extremity + omos, shoulder) — a lateral, fan—like extension of the spine; serves as
an attachment point for the trapezlus and deltold muscles. e. Coracoid process (Gr., korax, crow's beak + eldos, form) — a prominent, curved projection located along
the superior margin; serves as an attachment point for the biceps brachll, coracobrachlalls, and pectoralls
mlnor muscles. f. Glenoid fossa or cavity — (Gr., glene, socket + eldos, form) — smooth, concave surface located at the
lateral angle of the scapula; area of articulation with the head of the humerus. g. Infraglenoid tubercle — a small prominence on the inferior margin of the glenold cavlty; serves as an
attachment point for the triceps brachll muscle. h. Subscapular fossa — the slightly depressed region found in the middle of the anterior side of the
scapula; serves as an attachment point for the subscapularls muscle. l. Lateral border or margin — the lateral edge of the scapula; also known as the axillary margin; serves as
an attachment point for the teres mlnor muscle. j. Medial border or margin — the medial edge that faces the vertebral column; also known as the vertebral
margin; serves as an attachment point for the rhombold and serratus anterior muscles. k. Inferior angle — the sharp curvature formed at the junction of the medial and lateral margins; serves as
an attachment point for the teres major muscle. Copyright. GetBodySmart.com by ConceptCreators, Inc. Copyright. GetBodySmart.com a. Superior angle — sharp curvature formed at the junction of the superior and medial margins; serves as
attachment point for levator scapula muscle. b. Superior border or margin — superior edge of bone. c. Scapular (suprascapular) notch — small indentation along the superior border; medial to coracoid
process. d. Acromion (Gr., akron, extremity + omos, shoulder) — lateral, fan—like extension of spine; serves as
attachment point for trapezius and deltoid muscles. e. Coracoid process (Gr., korax, crow's beak + eidos, form) — prominent, curved projection located along
superior margin; serves as attachment point for biceps brachii, coraco—brachialis, and pectoralis minor
muscles. f. Glenoid fossa or cavity (Gr., glene, socket + eidos, form) — smooth, concave surface located at lateral
angle of bone; area of articulation with head of humerus. g. Infraglenoid tubercle — small prominence on inferior margin of glenoid fossa; serves as attachment point
for the triceps brachii muscle. h. Spine — long, prominent ridge that runs diagonally across upper posterior surface of bone; serves as
attachment point for trapezius and deltoid muscles. i. Supraspinous fossa — slightly depressed area superior to spine; serves as attachment point for supraspinatus
muscle. j. Infraspinous fossa — area inferior to spine; serves as attachment point for infraspinatus muscle. k. Lateral border or margin (axillary margin) — lateral edge of bone; serves as attachment point for teres
minor muscle. l. Medial border or margin (vertebral margin) — medial edge that faces the vertebral column; serves as
attachment point for rhomboid and serratus anterior muscles. m. Inferior angle — sharp curvature found at junction of medial and lateral margins; serves as attachment
point for teres major muscle. a. Head — a large, rounded,
smooth surface that projects
medially from the proximal end;
area of articulation with the
glenoid fossa of the scapula. b. Anatomical neck — region
between the head and tubercles
where the width of the bone
narrows slightly. c. Greater tubercle — a large,
roughened area located on the
proximal end of the bone, lateral
to the head; serves as an
attachment point for the
pectoralis major, supraspinatus,
infraspinatus and teres minor
muscles. Right Humerus;
Anterior View d. Lesser tubercle — a
roughened area located on the
anterior surface medial to the
greater tubercle; serves as an
attachment point for the sub—
scapularis muscle. e. Intertubercular (= bicipital)
groove — a narrow depression
found between the greater and lesser tubercles; serves as a passageway for the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii and as
an attachment point for the teres major and latissimus dorsi muscles. f. Surgical neck — region inferior to the tubercles where many breaks occur. g. Deltoid tuberosity — a roughened, raised surface located approximately in the middle of the shaft
on the lateral side; serves as an attachment point for the deltoid muscle. h. Lateral supracondylar ridge — roughened edge of bone that is located above the lateral
epicondyle; serves as an attachment point for the brachioradialis muscle. i. Lateral epicondyle — a small projection found at the distal end of the bone, on the lateral side;
serves as an attachment point for muscles that extend the forearm and hand. j. Medial epicondyle — a prominent projection found at the distal end of the bone, on the medial
side; serves as an attachment point for muscles that flex the forearm and hand. k. Capitulum (L., small head) — a rounded, knob—like surface on the anterior, distal end; region of
articulation with the head of the radius bone. l. Trochlea — a pulley—shaped formation located on the anteriodistal end, next to the capitulum;
region of articulation with the proximal end of the ulna bone. m. Coronoid fossa — a large depression positioned superior to the trochlea on the anterior surface;
region of articulation with the coronoid process of the ulna when the forearm is flexed. n. Radial fossa — a small depression located superior to the capitulum on the anterior surface; region
of articulation with the head of the radius when the forearm is flexed. Copyright. ConceptCreators, Inc. (GetBodySmart.com) Right Humerus;
Posterior View a. Head — a large, rounded, smooth surface that projects medially from the proximal end; area of
articulation with the glenold fossa of the scapula. b. Anatomical neck — region of between the head and tubercles where the width of the bone
narrows slightly. c. Greater tubercle — a large, roughened area located on the proximal end of the bone, lateral to
the head; serves as an attachment point for the pectoralls major, suprasplnatus, lnfrasplnatus and
teres mlnor muscles. d. Surgical neck — reglon inferior to the tubercles where many breaks occur. e. Deltoid tuberosity — a roughened, ralsed surface located approximately in the middle of the
shaft on the lateral side; serves as an attachment point for the deltold muscle. f. Radial groove — a shallow groove that runs diagonally along the posterior surface of the bone
bone, medlal to the deltold tuberosity; forms a partial passageway for the radial nerve. 9. Lateral supracondylar ridge - roughened edge of bone that is located above the lateral
eplcondyle; serves as an attachment point for the brachloradlalls muscle. h. Lateral epicondyle — a small projection found at the distal end of the bone, on the lateral side;
serves as an attachment point for muscles that extend the forearm and hand. i. Medial epicondyle — a prominent projection found at the distal end of the bone, on the medial
slde; serves as an attachment point for muscles that flex the forearm and hand. j. Trochlea — a pulley—shaped formation located on the anterlodlstal end, next to the capltulum;
region of articulation with the proximal end of the ulna bone. k. Olecranon fossa (Gr., olecranon, elbow) — a large depression located on the posterior surface, superior to the trochlea and capltulum; area of articulation with the olecranon process of the ulna
when the forearm is extended. Copyright. ConceptCreators, Inc. (GetBodySmart.com) Right Radius:
Anterior View Right Ulna:
Anterior View a. Head of radius — disc—shaped prominence at proximal end of bone; forms articulating surface with
capitulum of humerus. b. Radial tuberosity — roughened projection along proximal medioanterlor margin; serves as an
attachment point for biceps brachii muscle. c. Olecranon process of ulna — large, fan—shaped projection from proximal end of trochlear notch;
forms elbow. cl. Trochlear (semilunar) notch of ulna — large depression at proximal end of bone; area of articulation
with trochlea of humerus. e. Coronoid process of ulna (Gr., korone, crown + eidos, form) - anterior projection from trochlear
notch. f. Ulnar tuberosity — roughened distal end of coronoid process; serves as an attachment point for
brachlalis muscle. 9. Radial notch of ulna — depression along lateral edge of coronoid process; area of articulation with
head of radius. h. Interosseous border of ulna — sharp medial border; attachment point for interosseous membrane
that helps hold radius to ulna. i. Interosseous border of radius — sharp lateral border; attachment point for interosseous membrane
that helps hold radius to ulna. j. Styloid process of radius (Gr., stylos, pillar + eidos, form) — pointed lateral projection at distal end of
bone; forms lateral portion of wrist joint. k. Styloid process of ulna — small, medial projection from head region; forms medial portion of wrist
joint. I. Ulnar notch of radius — slight depression at mediodlstal end; area of articulation with ulna. m. Head of ulna — small, rounded surface at distal end of bone.
Copyright. www.GetBodySmart.com by ConceptCreators, Inc. Right Ulna;
posterior view Right Radius;
posterior view Radius & Ulna ((L., radius, ray; L., ulna, elbow)
a. Head of radius - disc-shaped, proximal end of bone. b. Olecranon process of ulna - large, fan-shaped projection from proximal end of
trochlear notch; forms elbow. c. Interosseous border of ulna - sharp medial border; attachment point for
interosseous membrane that helps hold radius to ulna. cl. Interosseous border of radius - sharp lateral border; attachment point for
interosseous membrane that helps hold radius to ulna. e. Ulnar notch of radius - slight depression at mediodistal end of bone; area of
articulation with ulna. 1‘. Head of ulna - small, rounded surface at distal end of bone. g. Styloid process of radius (Gr., stylos, pillar + eidos, form) - pointed, lateral
projection at distal end of bone; forms lateral portion of wrist joint. h. Styloid process of ulna - small, medial projection from head region; forms medial
portion of wrist joint. Copyright. www.GetBodySmart.com by ConceptCreators, Inc. anterior (palmar) view t Right Wrist & Hand; ‘ ‘ ‘ Carpal bones (Gr., karpalis, the wrist); Proximal row, in sequence from lateral (thumb side) to medial finger side). 1. Scaphoid (navicular) bone (Gr., skaphe, skiff + eidos, form). 2. Lunate bone (L., luna, moon). 3. Triquetral (triangular) bone (L. triquetrous, triangular). 4. Pisiform bone (L., pisum, pea + forma, shape). Distal row, in sequence from lateral (thumb—side) to medial (little finger side). 1. Trapezium (greater multangular) bone (Gr., tetrapeza, object that has four
feet). 2. Trapezoid (lesser multangular) bone (Gr., trapezoid, a four—sided figure that
has two parallel sides). 3. Capitate bone (L., caput, head). 4. Hamate bone (L., hamat, hooked). Copyright. www.GetBodySmart.com by ConceptCreators, Inc. 0 Metacarpals Right Hand; anterior
or palmar view Metacarpals Bones: (Gr., meta, beyond + karpos, wrist) - five bones
found in palm of hand. Numbering of bones begins on thumb side. a. lst metacarpal.
b. 2nd metacarpal.
c. 3rd metacarpal.
d. 4th metacarpal. e. 5th metacarpal. Copyright. www.GetBodySmart.com by ConceptCreators, Inc. O Distal Phalanges 5% l 0 Middle Phalanges ‘4:
E
I O Proximal Phalangesi Right Hand; anterior or palmar view . Phalanx Bones; (Gr., phalanx, closely knit row) - fourteen bones found in
the fingers. Each finger consists of 3 phalanges, except the thumb, which has only two. Proximal Middle Distal 15t phalanx 15t phalanx
2nd phalanx 2nd phalanx 2nd phalanx
3rd phalanx 3rd phalanx 3rd phalanx
4th phalanx 4th phalanx 4th phalanx 5th phalanx 5th phalanx 5th phalanx Copyright. www.GetBodySmart.com by ConceptCreators, Inc. Anterior gluteal |ine a. Iliac crest - roughened,
superior margin; serves as an
attachment point for the latissimus Tubercle of iliac crest
Inferior gluteal |ine dorsi, iliocostalis, tensor fasciae Posterior Iliac crest
Iatae, and abdominal muscles. gluteal |ine
Anterior superior b. Tubercle of the iliac crest — Posterior superior iliac spine
prominent projection from the ”'ac spine
:1llfjeproinl‘5 of the crest, near Its Posterior Inferior Anteriorinferior 'I'ac spine iliac spine
c. Anterior superior iliac spine Greater
— rounded projection from the sciatic notch
anterior portion of the crest; serves _ _ Acetabulum
as an attachment point for the Ischialspine _ _
sartorius muscle and inguinal . . SUPEFIOr PUbIC ramus
ligament. Lesser scnatic notch Pubic body d.Anterior inferior iliac spine Obturator foramen —sma|l projection found below the Ischialtuberosity
superior spine; serves as an
attachment point for the rectus femoris muscle. Os Coxa; Lateral View Add Colors e. Posterior superior iliac spine — small projection from the posterior of the crest; serves as an attachment
point for ligaments that hold the pelvis together. Inferior pubic ramus
Ischial ramus h. Posterior gluteal line — a slightly elevated, vertical ridge located along the posterior aspect of the lateral
surface, just anterior to the spines; serves as an attachment point for gluteus maximus muscle. i. Inferior gluteal line — a slightly elevated ridge that runs diagonally from anterior to posterior along the
lateral surface of the os coxa above the acetabulum; serves as an attachment point for the gluteus minimus
muscle. j. Greater sciatic notch (L., sciaticus, pertaining to the hip or ischium) — large indentation located below
the posterior inferior spine; forms a passageway for the sciatic nerve. k. Acetabulum (L., a little saucer for vinegar) — large, round depression located on the lateral surface; area
of articulation with the head of the femur. l. Superior pubic ramus — narrow band of bone that runs along the superior aspect of the pubis. m. Pubic body — flattened, medial portion of the pubis; serves as an attachment point for the adductor
brevis, adductor longus, and gracilis muscles. n. Inferior pubic ramus — narrow band of bone that extends along the inferior border of the pubis (to join
the ischial ramus); serves as an attachment point for the adductor brevis, adductor magnus, and gracilis
muscles. 0. Obturator foramen (L., obturare, to stop up) — large oval opening located between the pubis and ischium;
the foramen lightens the os coxa and is covered by the obturator membrane, a ligamentous structure that
serves as a point of attachment for the obturator muscles. p. Ramus of ischium (L., branch) — narrow band of bone that projects anteriorly from the ischial
tuberosity; serves as an attachment point for the adductor magnus muscle. q. Ischial tuberosity — large, roughened curv—ature located at the junction of the posterior and inferior
borders of the ischium; serves as an attachment point for the hamstring muscles and supports the weight of
the body when sitting. r. Lesser sciatic notch — a small indentation along the posterior margin, inferior to the ischial spine; forms
part of a foramen for nerves and vessels that exit the pelvis. s. Ischial spine — sharp projection that extends from the posterior margin of the ischium; serves as an
attachment point for the sacrospinous ligament. Copyright. www.GetBodySmart.oom by ConceptCreators, Inc. a. Iliac crest - roughened superior
margin; serves as attachment point
for latissimus dorsi, iliocostalis,
tensor fasciae Iatae, and abdominal
muscles. b. Anterior superior iliac spine
— projec—tion from anterior portion of
iliac crest; serves as attachment
point for sartorius muscle and
inguinal ligament. c. Anterior inferior iliac spine —
projection found below superior
spine; serves as an attachment point
for rectus femoris muscle. Iliac fossa Iliac tuberosity IlIaC CFESt Auricular surface Anterior superior _ _
iliac spine Posterior superior
iliac spine
Anterior inferior iliac spine Posterior inferior iliac spine Arcuate line Greater sciatic notch Superior pubic
ramus Pubic body Ischial spine Lesser sciatic notch Pubic tubercle _ _
Ischial tuberOSIty Pubic crest .
Ischial ramus d. Posterior superior iliac spine -
projection from posterior of iliac
crest; serves attachment point for
ligaments that hold pelvis together. Symphysis pUbiS Obturator foramen _ _ Inferior pubic ramus
Os Coxa; Medial View Add Colors e. Posterior inferior iliac spine — curvature found directly inferior to the posterior superior spine; serves as
attachment point for ligaments that hold pelvis together. f. Iliac fossa — broad depression located along anteromedial surface; serves as attachment point for the iliacus
muscle. g. Iliac tuberosity — large roughened area located above auricular surface; serves as attachment point for
sacroiliac ligaments that help bind os coxa and sacrum. h. Auricular surfa_c_e (L., auricula, little ear) — prominent roughened sulcus (groove) that runs anteriorly along
intera|_ surface of ilium from posterior inferior spine; area of articulation with auricular surface of sacrum
(sacroiliac Joint). i. Arcuate line (L., arcuatus, bowed) — prom—inent bony ridge inferior to the auricular surface that arches
across internal aspect of ilium. j. Greater sciatic notch (L., sciaticus, pertaining to hip or ischium) — large indentation located below
posterior inferior spine; forms a passageway for sciatic nerve. k. Ischial spine — sharp projection that extends from the posterior margin of the ischium; serves as an
attachment point for the sacrospinous ligament. l. Lesser sciatic notch — small indentation along posterior margin, inferior to ischial spine; forms part of
a foramen for nerves and vessels that exit pelvis. m. Obturator foramen (L., obturare, to stop up) — large oval opening located between pubis and ischium;
lightens os coxa; covered by obturator membrane, a ligamentous structure that serves as attachment point for
obturator muscles. n. Ischial tuberosity — large roughened curvature located at junction of posterior and inferior borders of
ischium; serves as attachment point for hamstring muscles and supports weight of body when sitting. o. Ramus of ischium (L., branch) — narrow band of bone that projects anteriorly from the ischial tuberosity;
serves as an attachment point for the adductor magnus mu...
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