118 Consequentialism - Consequentialism Morality about how things ought to be rather than how they are(about norms rather than empirical facts A moral

Consequentialism Morality: about how things ought to be rather than how they are (about norms rather than empirical facts) A moral theory tries to discover basic moral norms: those which determine what actions are right/ what action are wrong. Consequentialism is a label for a family of such theories. What all the theories have in common: right/wrong derives exclusively from consequences of action. Version 1: Act Utilitarianism (AU): i. A is right (morally permissible) iff its consequences are at least as good or better than any feasible alternative. (Maximizing Act Consequentialism) ii. A is as good as B iff A creates as much total well being in the world as B. (Utilitarian Value) Short version: A is right if it would create as much well being as possible in the circumstances. There a different versions of AU based on different theories of well being. (There are both subjective and objective versions.) Evaluation of ii (Utilitarian value) Attractions: a. Well-being is whatever contributes to a life being good, so it is an inclusive criterion. (Contrast well-being with pleasure.) b. Impartial: