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11.22.2011 - Lecture 22 Transposable Elements(Ch 15...

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Lecture 22 November 22, 2011 Transposable Elements (Ch. 15)
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Transposable elements: DNA sequences capable of moving from one genomic locus to another Prokaryotic transposable elements Eukaryotic transposons Class 1: retrotransposons Class 2: DNA transposons Applications of transposons in the lab
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Prokaryotic Insertion-Sequence Elements (IS Elements) Inverted terminal repeats of15-25 bp or > Inverted terminal repeats of 15-25 bp or > CCCAGAC … GGGTCTG … Ex.: … GTCTGGG … CAGACCC Internal genes Transposase (Typically ~1 kb) (an enzyme required for the movement of IS elements from one site to another
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Can transpose to the same or different chromosomes IS Element Transposition: IS element insertion occurs largely at random IS insertion can disrupt coding sequence and inactivate expression of that gene If the IS element contains transcription- and translation-termination signals, insertion can block expression of downstream genes in the same operon.
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Prokaryotic Composite Transposons:
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