alkanes - page 1 of 4 Systematic Nomenclature(IUPAC System...

page 1 of 4
Systematic Nomenclature (IUPAC System)
Prefix-Parent-Suffix
Parent- number of carbons
Prefix- substituents
Suffix- functional groups
Naming Alkanes
General Formula: C
n
H
(2n+2)
suffix: -ane
Parent Names:
1. CH
4
Meth ane CH
4
2. CH
3
CH
3
Eth ane C
2
H
6
3. CH
3
CH
2
CH
3
Prop ane C
3
H
8
4. CH
3
(CH
2
)
2
CH
3
But ane C
4
H
10
5. CH
3
(CH
2
)
3
CH
3
Pent ane C
5
H
12
6. CH
3
(CH
2
)
4
CH
3
Hex ane C
6
H
14
7. CH
3
(CH
2
)
5
CH
3
Hept ane C
7
H
16
8. CH
3
(CH
2
)
6
CH
3
Oct ane C
8
H
18
9. CH
3
(CH
2
)
7
CH
3
Non ane C
9
H
20
10. CH
3
(CH
2
)
8
CH
3
Dec ane C
10
H
22
Alkyl Substituents
R= Rest of the molecule
1. CH
3
-R Meth yl
2. CH
3
CH
2
-R Eth yl
3. CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
-R Prop yl
4. CH
3
(CH
2
)
2
CH
2
-R But yl
5. CH
3
(CH
2
)
3
CH
2
-R Pent yl
6. CH
3
(CH
2
)
4
CH
2
-R Hex yl
7. CH
3
(CH
2
)
5
CH
2
-R Hept yl
8. CH
3
(CH
2
)
6
CH
2
-R Oct yl
9. CH
3
(CH
2
)
7
CH
2
-R Non yl
10. CH
3
(CH
2
)
8
CH
2
-R Dec yl

page 2 of 4
Rules for Systematic Nomenclature of Alkanes
1. Find the parent chain
a. Identify the longest continuous carbon chain as the parent chain.