Kip Hacking Chapter 41 Text Assignment The Eisenhower Era, 1952-1960 READ pages 906-928, define the following terms and understand their significance: 1.) Jim Crow Laws-laws that legalized segregation of and discrimination against African Americans after the United States Civil War 2.)Jackie Robinson-United States baseball player; first Black to play in the major leagues 3.)Thurgood Marshall-was anAmericanjuristand the firstAfrican Americanto serve on theSupreme Court of the United States. Before becoming a judge, he was a lawyer who was best remembered for his high success rate in arguing before the Supreme Court and for the victory inBrown v. Board of Education 4.)Rosa Parks-United States civil rights leader who refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man in Montgomery 5.)Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955)-was a political and socialprotestcampaign started in 1955 inMontgomery, Alabama, USA, intended to oppose the city's policy ofracial segregationon itspublic transitsystem 6.)Martin Luther King Jr.-United States charismatic civil rights leader and Baptist minister who campaigned against the segregation of Blacks 7.)Chief Justice Earl Warren-was the 14thChief Justice of the United Statesand the only person electedGovernor of Californiathree times 8.)Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas(1954)-was alandmark decisionof the United States Supreme Courtthat declared state laws establishing separatepublic schools for black and white students, denying black children equal educational opportunities unconstitutional. The decision overturned earlier rulings going back toPlessy v. Fergusonin 1896. 9.)Declaration of Constitutional Principles”-More than a hundred southern congressional representatives and senators signed this pledging their unyielding resistance to desegregation. 10.)Orval Faubus-served as governor of Arkansas from 1955 until 1967. His decision to defy the integration order at Central High in Little Rock came in September 1957 11.)Civil Rights Commission-The U.S. Commission on Civil Rights is a bipartisan, independent, commission of the U.S. federal government charged with the responsibility for investigating, reporting on, and making recommendations concerningcivil rightsissues that face the nation 12.)Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)-The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is an Americancivil rightsorganization. SCLC was closely associated with its first president, Dr.Martin Luther King, Jr.The SCLC had a large role in the AmericanCivil Rights Movement 13.)Sit In-a form of civil disobedience in which demonstrators occupy seats and refuse to move 14.)Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)- played a major role in thesit-ins andfreedom rides
