1The Chemistry of Acids and BasesPART 1"ACID"--Latin word acidus, meaning sour. (lemon)"ALKALI"--Arabic word for the ashes that come from burning certain plants;water solutions feel slippery and taste bitter. (soap)Acids and bases are extremely important in many everyday applications: our own bloodstream, ourenvironment, cleaning materials, and industry. (Sulfuric acid is an economic indicator!)ACID-BASE THEORIES➢ARRHENIUS DEFINITION▪acid--donates a hydrogen ion (H+) in water▪base--donates a hydroxide ion in water (OH−)This theory was limited because ;1- It applies only for aqueous solutions.2- Allows only foe one kind of base–the hydroxide ion (ammonia is a MAJOR exception!)➢BRONSTED-LOWRY DEFINITION▪acid--donates a proton in water▪base--accepts a proton in waterThis theory is better; it explains ammonia as a base! This is the main theory that we will use for ouracid/base discussion.➢LEWIS DEFINITION▪acid--accepts an electron pair▪base--donates an electron pairThis theory explainsalltraditional acids and bases plus a host of coordination compounds and is used
