Chapter 1 Notes
20:48
Introduction to Industrial/ Organizational Psychology
Industrial/ Organizational Psychology: a field of both scientific research and professional
practice that aims to further the welfare of people by understanding the behavior of
individuals and organizations in the workplace, helping individuals pursue meaningful and
enriching work, and assisting organizations in the effective management of their human
resources.
Occupational health psychology: a field of research and practice that is based at least
partially on I/O psychology and is concerned with the health and safety of individuals at
work.
Scientist- practitioner perspective: the view that I/O psychology focuses on both scientific
research and applied professional practice.
Army alpha: a measure of cognitive ability developed for placement of U.S soldiers during
World War 1
Army Beta: a nonverbal intelligence test developed for placement of U.S soldiers during
World War 1
Job analysis: a way of understanding job tasks and requirements through systematic
analysis
Hawthorne effect: the suggestion that any intervention will have the desired effect
Critical incident technique: a widely used technique of job analysis developed by Flanagan
Assessment Centre: a widely used selection technique originally developed to select
potential spies
M test: a Canadian cognitive ability test developed during world war 2
Cyber aggression: the expression of aggression through computer mediated communication
e.g. email
Presenteeism: the notion that individuals show up to work even though they might be sick
and not capable of working up to their normal standard
Chapter 2 Notes
20:48
Scientific Methods – certain pages to read
Page 28: Operational Definitions
Pages 48-49: Factors Affecting Validity Coefficients
Pages 49-51: Bias and Fairness
Pages 53-54: Research in Organizational Settings
Operational definitions: define abstract constructs in terms of specific procedures and
measures
Variables: events, objects, people or phenomena that vary in amount, degree or kind with
respect to certain aspects
Range restriction: the reduction in the size of validity coefficient due to the selection process
Measurement error: the size of a validity coefficient cannot exceed the reliability of the
measure used to obtain the data
Sampling error: the validity coefficient based on a sample is an estimate of what the
coefficient is in the entire population
Bias: systematic errors in measurement, or inferences made from measurements, that are
