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Unformatted text preview:contracts, and norms regulating these interrelations. The collective conscience becomes "enfeebled" and "more abstract," providing highly general and secular premises for the exchanges, contracts, and norms regulating the interdependencies among specialized social units. ❚ Emile Durkheim: Mechanical and Organic Solidarity ❘ This alteration is reflected in legal codes that become less punitive and more "restitutive," specifying nonpunitive ways to redress violations of normative arrangements and to reintegrate violators back into the network of interdependencies that typify organic societies. In such societies individual freedom is great, and the secular and highly abstract collective conscience becomes dominated by values stressing respect for the personal dignity of the individual. ❚ Emile Durkheim: Mechanical and Organic Solidarity