*Dissolved things don’t sink* Based offof study guide 1.Carbon pumps are a method of storing something deeper. 1.Solubility pump takes up dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). 1.Gets carried down but never sinks. 2.Stores it at depth 2.Biological pumps are particulate organic carbon (POC). 1.POC sinks like dead organisms 2.Once POC dissolves it becomes DIC 3.Microbial pump 1.Fixed carbon stored at the surface 2.Bacteria fixes the carbon and stores it as refractory DOC (dissolved organic carbon) 3.Because it is dissolved it is not available biologically 2.Climate change 1.Acidification 1.CO2 + H20 = Carbonic acid 2.Becomes bicarbonate (HCO3-)by releasing hydrogen ions 1.Most prominent form of carbon in ocean 3.Leads to increased acidity 4.Free carbonate ions bind to hydrogen ions creating carbonate 1.Carbonate is nonacid 2.Carbonate (CO3+) 5.Surface ocean pH is roughly 8.2 1.Since industrial revolution has lowered about 0.1pH 2.Making the ocean more acidic 3.0.1 is approximately 30% increase in acidity 4.16% less CO3+ 5.By 2100 we are guessing there will be a 0.3-0.4 decrease in pH (100%-150%) 2.Ocean warming 1.As we add greenhouse gases heat is reradiated back into the earth 2.Melts sea ice 3.Decreases albedo 4.Increased freshness/decrease salinity in polar waters 5.
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