Unit 7 – The Civil WarI.From Bull Run to AntietamA.The First Battle of Bull Run- July 1861 (In Virginia)General Irwin McDowell, commander of the Union troops, said he needed more time to get his 90-dayvolunteers ready but Lincoln ordered him into action.What was his objective?March to Richmond, Virginia (Confederate Capitol).General P.G.T Beauregard commanded a smaller force of Confederate soldiers and was positionedalong Bull Run, a stream 4 miles north of a Manassas.The Union troops attacked on July 21 and drove the Southerners back, but who stopped the Unionadvance? The 22,000 Confederate troops lead by “Stonewall” JacksonThe Union troops retreated for the safety of Washington and the Confederates were too disorganizedand exhausted to pursue the Union Army.The 1stmajor battle of the Civil War was over (1stBattle of Bull Run) = Union had 2900 casualties,2000 for the Confederacy.DEFINE casualties. Someone who is injured, goes M.I.A. or is killedB.Preparing for WarBull Run caused some Americans on both sides to suspect that winning the war might not be so easy.1.Strengths of the North and the SouthNorth= 2X more railroad and factories, better economy with more money in the bank, 2/3 ofthe nation’s population and a navy.South= majority of military officers from the South, fighting a defensive war and werefighting to preserve their way of life.2.Union Military StrategiesLincoln ordered a naval blockade of the seceded states to block cotton from leaving andmanufactured goods from entering.General Winfield Scott strategy was to cut the Confederacy in 2 by controlling the MississippiRiver and getting the South to seek peace,Why was this plan (nicknamed Anaconda) scorned in the North?It was going to take a long time and the North (Union) wanted a short war3.Confederate War Strategies“All we ask is to be left alone” Jefferson Davis, Confederate President.Southern Strategy called for a war of attrition. DEFINE Wearing out the other sideThe South also planned to withhold cotton from England and France so those Europeancountries would put pressure on the Union.