Astronomy 10 Final ReviewMolina and Rowland – chemists warned chlorofluorocarbons will destroy atmospheric ozoneList of Answers:•Electron, neutron, proton – atom•Positron, Helium nucleus (2 protons, 2 neutrons), Hydrogen nucleus, Neutrino (explain disappearance of energy in radioactive decay, produced in nuclear reactions to make sun shine)•Beryllium-7 nucleus + Boron-8 nucleus (vary rare)•Solar Neutrino problem – number of neutrinos detected is fewer than those predicted•Carbon dioxide, Chloroflurocarbons, Oxygen – global warming•Radio wavelenths (long), visible wavelengths (medium), x-ray wavelengths (short, don’t get through atmosphere, only seen by satellites), wavelength, frequency, and velocity of light oCharacterize radiation by either wavelength ofrfrequencyoAll radiation moves at velocity of light•Absorption lines (features at specific wavelength cause by specific element that absorbs radiation), emission lines (radiated by same element, same wavelength), continuum radiation (emmited at all wavelengths), thermal radiation and temperature or wavelength (hotter the gas, shorter the wavelength), Forbidden lines (forbidden in terrestrial lab, not forbidden in sun’s corona – discovery was made by the emission of forbidden lines), Fraunhofer absorption lines, Hydrogen-alpha line, Photon energy and wavelength (relationship between energy of radiation and its wavelength: shorter the wavelength, the more energetic the radiation)•Origin of elements:oBig bang (all hydrogen and most helium was synthesized), non-solar stars (all heavier elements were made inside stars before Sun was born), Sun•Pair annihilation (merging of electrons and positrons to make radiaction), Mass loss (E=MC squared), Energy gain, Tunneling (radioactivity – spontaneous emission of nuclear particle from radioactive element, explained by tunneling effect/also explains why sun is able to shine, because tunneling permits protons to merge together), Radiactive beta decay, Solar neutrino problem (see above)•
