Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures
Software Developer’s Manual
Volume 1:
Basic Architecture
NOTE:
The
Intel
®
64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's
Manual
consists of five volumes:
Basic Architecture
, Order Number
253665;
Instruction Set Reference A-M
, Order Number 253666;
Instruction
Set
Reference
N-Z
,
Order
Number
253667;
System
Programming Guide, Part 1
, Order Number 253668;
System Programming
Guide, Part 2
, Order Number 253669. Refer to all five volumes when
evaluating your design needs.
Order Number: 253665-022US
November 2006
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Developers must not rely on the absence or characteristics of any features or instructions marked “reserved”
or “undefined.” Improper use of reserved or undefined features or instructions may cause unpredictable be-
havior or failure in developer's software code when running on an Intel processor. Intel reserves these fea-
tures or instructions for future definition and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts or
incompatibilities arising from their unauthorized use.
The Intel
®
64 architecture processors may contain design defects or errors known as errata. Current char-
acterized errata are available on request.
Hyper-Threading Technology requires a computer system with an Intel
®
processor supporting Hyper-
Threading Technology and an HT Technology enabled chipset, BIOS and operating system. Performance will
vary depending on the specific hardware and software you use. For more information, see
http://www.in-
tel.com/technology/hyperthread/index.htm
; including details on which processors support HT Technology.
Intel
®
Virtualization Technology requires a computer system with an enabled Intel
®
processor, BIOS, virtual
machine monitor (VMM) and for some uses, certain platform software enabled for it. Functionality, perfor-
mance or other benefits will
vary depending on hardware and software configurations. Intel
®
Virtualization
Technology-enabled BIOS and VMM applications are currently in development.
64-bit computing on Intel architecture requires a computer system with a processor, chipset, BIOS, oper-
ating system, device drivers and applications enabled for Intel
®
64 architecture.
Processors will not operate
(including 32-bit operation) without an Intel
®
64 architecture-enabled BIOS. Performance will vary de-
pending on your hardware and software configurations.
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