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Congress Poland
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For the Polish legislature, see Parliament of Poland.
Coordinates: 52.2333°N 21.0167°E
Kingdom of Poland
Królestwo Polskie (Polish)
Царство Польское (Russian)
1815–1867/1915
Flag of Poland
Naval Ensign
Coat of arms of Poland
Coat of arms
Motto: Z nami Bóg!
"God is with us!"
Anthem: Pieśń narodowa za pomyślność króla
"National Song to the King's Well-being"
Map of Congress Poland, circa 1815, following the Congress of Vienna. The Russian Empire is shown
in light green.
Map of Congress Poland, circa 1815, following the Congress of Vienna. The Russian Empire is shown
in light green.
Status
Personal union with the Russian Empire
Real union with the Russian Empire since incorporation in 1832, integrated in 1867 as the Vistula
Land
Capital Warsaw
Official languages Polish, Russian[1]
Common languages Polish, Yiddish, German, Russian[2]
ReligionCatholicism
Minorities:
Government Constitutional monarchy

King
• 1815–1825 (first)
Alexander I
• 1894–1915 (last)
Nicholas II
Namiestnik-Viceroy
• 1815–1826 (first)
Józef Zajączek
• 1914–1915 (last)
Pavel Yengalychev
Legislature Sejm
• Upper house
Senate
• Lower house
Chamber of Deputies
History
• Congress of Vienna
9 June 1815
• Constitution adopted
27 November 1815
• November
Uprising
29 November 1830
• January
Uprising
23 January 1863
• Vistula Land
established
1867
• Lost to Germany
during WWI

1915
Area
1815 128,500 km2 (49,600 sq mi)
Population
• 1815
3,200,000
• 1897
9,402,253
Currency
Polish złoty
(1815–1841)
Polish rubel
(1841–1915)
ISO 3166 code PL
Preceded by Succeeded by
Duchy of Warsaw
1867
Vistula Land
1915
Government General of Warsaw
1917
Regency Kingdom of Poland
Today part of Belarus
Lithuania
Poland
Congress Poland[3] or Russian Poland, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland,[4] was a polity
created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna as a semi-autonomous Polish state and successor to
Napoleon's short-lived Duchy of Warsaw. It was established in the Russian sector after Poland was
partitioned by the Habsburg Monarchy, Russia and Prussia. In 1915, during World War I, it was
replaced by the Central Powers with the nominal Regency Kingdom of Poland,[a] until Poland
regained independence in 1918.

Following the partitions of Poland at the end of the 18th century, Poland ceased to exist as an
independent state for 123 years. The territory, with its native population, was split between the