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US History Before 1865 - US History Before 1865 Themes of...

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US History Before 186515/01/2008 14:56:00 Themes of class Collision of cultures Population and economy Ideas matter Wars Ideals versus reality Nationhood as process Native America Before 1492 Antiquity of American Settlement o Four migrations? Recent research says that there must have been more than one migration over the Bering landmass At least four Initial migration from Siberia to Americas and eventually spread across the continent Some think that some people migrated from Southeast Asia and sailed across the pacific and settled on the coast Paleo-Indains or the first Native Americans were incredible hunters o Development of Agriculture (Mexico-5000BC) Eventually most cultures adapted Agriculture and growing crops First agriculturists were most likely women First crop grown was either corn or squash Takes a while for corn to spread to the rest of the Americas Agricultural Societies (non-nomadic) Benefits Food storage Do not need to be focused on food production, so can specialize in other areas (crafts)
More developed communities, social status Higher population Rise Of empires o Mesoamerica( Mexico and Central America) Olmecs, Teotihuacán, Mayas Olmecs are the first urban large culture, built pyramid, written language Human sacfices Teotihuacán next empire to expand, 40,000 people in their city Disappeared, some think warfare and food supply Collapsed around 750 AD Mayans also disappear Toltecs, Aztecs Aztecs Tenochtitlan, huge Aztec city o 200,000 people o was in the middle of a lake o developed floating gardens warrior people, wanted other peoples to pay tribute o makes neighboring tribes hate the Aztecs o Mound-building cultures (1500 BC-400 AD) Huge constructions of Mounds Shaped as animals Had long trade routes Rise and decline of the mound builders
o Mississippian cultures (1000-1500 AD) Cahokia (flourished 900-1250) Near St. Louis 30,000 people size of Medieval London very well located, superb farmland walls were fortified identifying that they were being attacked by other people The Southwest Hohokams, Ancestral puebloans Hohokams developed irritation to help out with there dry land Did trade with neighboring tribes and with California tribes, along with people in the Northwest Ancestral puebloans Built incredible cliff dwellings North America in 1491 o Fragmentation of Empires o Change on the periphery Iroquis confederacy (Great league of peace and Power) Five nations: Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Onondaga, Seneca

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MANN,RALPH

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