Utilitarianism 10/21/2013 4:40:00 PMJeremy Bentham (1748-1832) Act Utilitarianism What makes an actions right/wrong? The Consequences An action is right if it has good consequences(utility) and wrong if it has bad consequences There are two question which any AU needs to answer What is utility( the good)? Whose utility determines rightness/wrongness? Some examples of utility/disutility: Please and pain (Bentham) Happiness and unhappiness (Mill) Preferences and Dispreferences (Singer) Whose utility determines the rightness/wrongness of an act?
Get answer to your question and much more
Principle of Utility (POU) An action is right if and only if there is no other action which I could have performed which a) would have produced a greater amount of utility over disutility or b) would haveproduced a smaller about of disutility over utility. How do we determine whether an action maximizes utility or minimizes disutility? Consider all of the people who will affected by the action Suppose that I bop you on the head, grab your iPad, and run Would this action be ethical? Who will be affected by this action? You ( laptop owner) Me Witnesses: probably not