Content Singapore.pdf - Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION. 2 2.0...

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Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 2
2.0 THE POLITICAL STRUCTURE OF SINGAPORE .......................................................... 3
2.1 CONSTITUTION ........................................................................................................... 3
2.2 LEGISLATIVE .............................................................................................................. 4
2.2.1 PARLIAMENT ....................................................................................................... 4
2.2.2 PRIME MINISTER ................................................................................................ 5
2.3 THE EXECUTIVE ......................................................................................................... 6
2.3.1 THE CABINET ....................................................................................................... 6
2.3.2 THE CIVIL SERVICE ........................................................................................... 6
2.4 THE JUDICIARY .......................................................................................................... 7
2.5 POLITICAL PARTIES ................................................................................................. 7
2.6 ELECTIONS .................................................................................................................. 8
2.6.1 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS ............................................................................ 8
2.6.2 PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS ...................................................................... 8
3.0 THE SIGNIFICACE OF SECURITISATION OF FAKE NEWS ..................................... 9
3.1 THE ROLE OF MASS MEDIA IN SECURITISATION ............................................. 10
3.1.1 MASS MEDIA AS A MEDIATOR AND AUTHORS OF THE SPEECH ACT .. 12
3.2 THE SECURITISATION THEORY ON MASS MEDIA ............................................ 13
3.3 SINGAPORE INVOKE FAKE NEWS LAW ................................................................ 16
3.4 THE SECURITISATION FRAMEWORK .................................................................... 18
4.0 THE HOAX HANDLING POLICIES/LAW IN SINGAPORE ....................................... 19
5.0 CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................... 21
6.0 REFERENCE ........................................................................................................................ 22

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1.0 INTRODUCTION
History of Singapore
People are probably wondering how this small town-state in Southeast Asia, with a total land area
of only 721.5 square kilometers and one of the youngest nations in the world, has become one of
its most successful.
The answer lies in a unique set of geography and history, Singapore's strategic location on the
main sea route between India and China, its excellent harbor and the free-trade harbor status given
by its founder Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles.
However, while Sir Stamford Raffles set the framework for Singapore's early success, it was
Singapore's former Prime Minister, the late Mr. Lee Kuan Yew, who shaped Singapore's first
quarter-century of existence as an independent nation and set the path to its current success. What
follows is a short overview of the development of the world from the imperial colony to the
industrialized nation that it is today.
Singapore gradually pushed towards democracy after 1945. The Strait Settlements were abolished
in 1946 and Singapore was split from Malaysia. The People's Action Party was formed in 1954
and proved to be a major force in Singaporean politics. A new constitution was ratified in 1955.
Under it, 25 out of 32 members of the legislature have been elected.
This was succeeded in 1957 by a new 51-member legislature. The People's Action Party headed
by Lee Kuan Yew secured 43 out of 51 seats. Self-government was granted in 1959. Lee Kuan
Yew has become Prime Minister. Singapore joined Malaysia in 1963. The union was short lived,
however. Singapore departed in 1965 and became fully autonomous.
Rather of demoralizing Singapore, these challenges inspired Singapore's government to
concentrate on the nation's economy. With Cambridge-trained lawyer Lee Kuan Yew at its
forefront, the Singaporean government was successful in encouraging export-oriented, labor-
intensive industrialization through a system of opportunities to lure foreign investment since 1965
and enjoyed rapid economic growth. Singapore still had its strategic location, after all.

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2.0 THE POLITICAL STRUCTURE OF SINGAPORE
Singapore is a republic, and it practices a nation based on parliamentary democracy. It utilizes an
elective and non-executive administration practice. The constitution of Singapore came into action
on June 2, 1959, and it provides for a head of state, a prime minister, and a cabinet, as well as a
unicameral parliament.