The innovations tested by the pilots can potentially

The innovations tested by the pilots can potentially benefit
a wide range of other stakeholders as well. For example, in
Kenya, a counterfeit drug testing kit would aid nurses, chemists,
doctors, medical suppliers and the government in combating
distribution and consumption of inferior drugs. In Rwanda,
Tanzania and Bangladesh, socket manufacturers, NGOs and
researchers stand to benefit from the biogas socket production.
In Ethiopia, farming co-ops, dairy consumers and transporters
would be positively impacted. Farming co-ops in Vietnam
would similarly benefit, as well as end users in Hanoi and the
technology solution providers.
Recruitment and Selection of Participants
Different tactics were used to recruit participants for each of
the pilot projects. A number of partners already had a working
history with the BoP Innovation Center (e.g., Fresh Studio in
Vietnam), while others were strategic partners of BoP Inc. (for
example, ICCO in Kenya). Competitive calls were used to select
the rest of the companies. For example, in the biogas initiative,
Singer, one of the partners, used a business plan competition to
select the implementing party for the pilot.
Fresh Studio, the local partner in Vietnam that works in
agriculture, coordinated the pilot in the northern part of the
country, where there is a large number of minority farmers.
To better understand the end user, Fresh Studio employees
actually lived with the ethnic minority farmers for several
months.
Program Impact
Each pilot in 3P4PPI had its own impact framework that was
linked to innovation. Each pilot tracked partnership and

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product engagement metrics and evaluated the change in
these metrics periodically. These measurements and changes
all factored into the final impact assessment.
The pilots had a variety of outcomes, and most ran into
roadblocks common in BoP markets. In Kenya, the directions
for testing drugs proved too complex for end users. Chemists,
meanwhile, were not incentivized to give back bad drugs.
Furthermore, the Kenyan government pulled out of the project.
In Vietnam, there was difficulty in sourcing and in the value
chain. Opinions of the freshness of vegetables also varied
between individuals, such that cold storage was not considered
necessary by some. Also, smallholder farmers must be certified
under the industry standard, a costly and drawn-out process.
To streamline the process, 3P4PPI developed a digital method
for reporting certification processes, delivered on a software
framework called SCRUM. SCRUM can be adapted for other
purposes too.
In Ethiopia, Muller, the private company behind the pilot, was
able to learn from the experience and plans to roll out 700
cooling units in Ethiopia next year.
Outcomes in Rwanda and Bangladesh for the biogas socket
were not clear, but valuable information was gathered by
manufacturers. End users did not immediately take to using the
socket, and there were cultural issues with usage. For example,
in some cultures, women must have approval from their
husband to get involved in user testing, and sometimes only