2 barrier methods methods that physically or

2. Barrier methods (methods that physically or chemically block the sperm from reaching an egg
and provide a barrier between direct skin to skin contacts)
a. Diaphragm - A flexible latex (rubber) or silicone device, used with spermicide, is put into the
vagina to cover the cervix. Can be put in any time before sex.
b. Cervical Caps – These are similar to the diaphragm, though they are generally always made
of silicone. They are put into the vagina to cover the cervix and are 92 to 96 percent effective
when used correctly.
c. Male and Female Condoms or spermicides - For Males: A very thin latex (rubber)
polyurethane (plastic) or synthetic sheath, put over the erect penis. For Females: Soft, thin
polyurethane sheath that loosely lines the vagina and covers the area just outside. Condoms
are the best way to help protect yourself from sexually transmitted infections
3. Behavioral Methods
a. Rhythm or Calendar Method – It is a way to determine a woman’s most fertile and interfile
times by charting the menstrual cycle. It is also known as natural family planning or fertility
awareness.
b. Abstinence or celibacy – It refers to the avoidance of sexual intercourse.
c. Outercourse – It is a sexual activity that does not include the insertion of the penis into the
vagina.

d. Withdrawal – it happens when a man removes his penis from vagina and ejaculate outside of
the woman’s body.
4. Sterilization (procedures that make an individual permanently incapable of conceiving or
fertilizing a partner)
a. Tubal Ligation /Sterilization – It is a surgery for
women in which fallopian tubes are tied to prevent
eggs from travelling to the uterus so a woman cannot
get pregnant.
b. Vasectomy – It is an operation in which the
surgeon makes a small cut in the upper part of the
scrotum then ties or blocks the vas deferens. Men
can still have orgasm or ejaculation after the
operation.
5. Intrauterine Device (IUD) – It is a small device
that is placed in the uterus by a doctor to prevent
pregnancy.
6. Emergency Contraception - It is a measure that protects against pregnancy after unprotected sex
has already occurred. It could be through IUD or higher dosage of pills.
References:
Arcega, A M., Cullar, D. S., Evangelista, L. D. & Falculan, L. M. (2018). Understanding the Self.
Malabon City: Mutya Publishing House Inc.
Gazzingan, L. B. et al. (2019). Understanding the Self. Muntinlupa City: Panday-Lahi Publishing House,
Inc.
Marshall, E. and Tanner, S. Introduction to Psychology. Accessed July 28, 2020.
-
identity/
Master, A. and Johnson, T. Human Sexual Response. Accessed July 28, 2020.
Remez, R. Developing Adolescene. Accessed July 28, 2020.
Rosenthal, M. (2013). Human Sexuality from Cells to Society. Asia: Cengage Learning
Seventeeth congress (First Regular session). Accessed July 20, 2020.