Nancy W. Dickey, Texas A&M Health Science Center Tine Hansen-Turton, National Nursing Centers Consortium and Public Health Management Corporation Ann Hendrich, Ascension Health Beverly Malone, National League for Nursing Edward O’Neil, Center for the Health Professions, University of California, San Francisco Robert L. Phillips, Jr., Robert Graham Center Joy Reed, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services Thomas Ricketts, University of North Carolina School of Public Health vii Copyright © 2011. National Academies Press. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/19/2016 12:13 PM via BARRY UNIV AN: 359522 ; Institute of Medicine (U.S.), Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.; The Future of Nursing : Leading Change, Advancing Health Account: s8987890

viii REVIEWERS Vinod Sahney, Institute for Healthcare Improvement Charlotte Yeh, AARP Services Incorporated Heather Young, Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive com- ments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or rec- ommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Kristine Gebbie, School of Nursing, Hunter College City University of New York and Mark R. Cullen, Stanford Uni- versity. Appointed by the National Research Council and Institute of Medicine, they were responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution. Copyright © 2011. National Academies Press. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/19/2016 12:13 PM via BARRY UNIV AN: 359522 ; Institute of Medicine (U.S.), Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.; The Future of Nursing : Leading Change, Advancing Health Account: s8987890

Foreword The founding documents of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) call for experts to discuss, debate, and examine possible solutions for the multitude of complex health concerns that face the United States and the world. Equally important is the timely implementation of those solutions in a way that improves health. The United States is at an important crossroads as health care reforms are being car- ried out and the system begins to change. The possibility of strengthening the largest component of the health care workforce—nurses—to become partners and leaders in improving the delivery of care and the health care system as a whole inspired the IOM to partner with the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) in creating the RWJF Initiative on the Future of Nursing, at the IOM. In this part-