Taft nevertheless signed the Payne Aldrich Tariff into law Progressives were

○ Taft nevertheless signed the Payne-Aldrich Tariff into law. ○ Progressives were outraged because they saw tariff reduction as a way to lower consumer goods prices. ● Conservation Trouble: ○ 1910 - secretary of the Interior Richard Ballinger let business leaders illegally buy millions of acres of protected public land in Alaska ○ When Gifford Pinchot, head of the U.S. Forest Service accused Ballinger, Taft fired PInchot, not Ballinger. ○ Progressives thought this showed taft was not committed to conservation, and Roosevelt refused to support Taft from that point on. ○ Tennessee Iron-Coal Trust. → Taft Broke it because he liked breaking up trusts. ○ Bold and underlined things are the three causes for the split between taft and roosevelt and the Progressive party. The Republican Party Splits ● In the 1910 congressional elections, Roosevelt campaigned for the Progressive Republican who opposed Taft. ● Roosevelt proposed a program called the New Nationalism, a set of laws to protect workers, ensure public health, and regulate business. ● Reformers loved the New Nationalism, but Roosevelt’s help wasn’t enough to secure a Republican victory. ● Republicans lost control of the House of Representatives for the first time in 16 years. ● By the presidential election of 1912, the Republican Party was split. ● The Republican party nominated President Taft as its candidate, outraging progressive Republicans. ● The Progressives split to form their own party, the New Progressive (“bull moose”) Party, with Roosevelt as its candidate. ● With the Republicans split, democrat Woodrow WIlson easily took the election, receiving almost 350 more electoral votes than Roosevelt and over 400 more than Taft. ● NEED TO KNOW NEW NATIONALISM (Roosevelt) AND NEW FREEDOM (Wilson) ○ New Nationalism → Roosevelt was a hands on president. He believed in an executive that leads and uses

government for the common good. (Use to help regulate things that are unfair, corrupt, or disdainful. Human behavior in the economy. Regulate social issues also.) Federal government involved in the economy and socially. ○ New Freedom - WILSONNNNN. Government involved in the economy and the methods are slightly different, but there is still a lot of overlap. On social issues, he was very state’s rights. Wilson didn’t vote for prohibition, even though he’s a southerner. He’s smart for being state’s rights on issues that split his party. ○ Taft was the only conservative. Taft would be more likely to go for prohibition than Wilson, and perhaps Roosevelt…. ○ Socialists DEBBSSS → They would stand on the side of regulation. He would probably go for prohibition all of the way. They are very for regulating everything. ● Taft’s Platform - 1912 Republican Party Reform ○ High import Tariffs ○ Put limitations on female and child labor ○ Workmen's compensation laws ○ Against initiative, referendum, and recall ○ Against “bad” trusts → US vs Standard Oil Trust Bust LOOK UP ○ Creation of a Federal Trade Commission ○ Stay on the gold standard ○ Conservation of natural resources because they are finite ●