It enables organizations to share sensitive sales

It enables organizations to share sensitive sales data, promotion plans, new product designs, and project
status data among employees, suppliers, contractors, and others with a need to know.
Encryption enables physicians and patients to share sensitive healthcare data with labs, hospitals, and
other health treatment facilities as well as insurance carriers.
To complete such transactions, sensitive data — including names, physical addresses, email addresses,
phone numbers, account numbers, health data, financial data, passwords, and PINs — must be sent and
received.
An encryption key is a value that is applied (using an algorithm) to a set of unencrypted text (plaintext) to
produce encrypted text that appears as a series of seemingly random characters (ciphertext) that is
unreadable by those without the encryption key needed to decipher it.
There are two types of encryption algorithms: symmetric and asymmetric.
Symmetric algorithms use the same key for both encryption and decryption. Asymmetric algorithms use
one key for encryption and a different key for decryption.
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is the most widely used symmetric algorithm. Wireless Protected
Access 2 (WPA2), which is the most commonly used security protocol for wireless networks today,
employs the AES encryption algorithm.

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Compiled by: Ridip Khanal
Some of the common encryption methods used are:
1. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) – 128, 192, 256 bits - Symmetric encryption
2. Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) – Asymmetric encryption
3. Triple Data Encryption Standard (TripleDES) – Symmetric encryption – advanced form of DES
4. Twofish - 128 bits – Symmetric encryption – successor of Blowfish
5. Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) – Asymmetric encryption
Many online shoppers fear the theft of their credit card numbers and banking information. To help
prevent this type of theft, the Transport Layer Security (TLS) communications protocol is used to secure
sensitive data. Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a communications protocol or system of rules that ensures
privacy between communicating applications and their users on the Internet. TLS enables a client (such
as a web browser) to initiate a temporary, private conversation with a server (such as an online shopping
site or bank). Before the client and server start communicating, they perform an automated process called
a “handshake” during which they exchange information about who they are and wh ich secret codes and
algorithms they will use to encode their messages to each other. Then, for the duration of the
conversation, all the data that pass between the client and server is encrypted so that even if somebody
does listen in, they won’t be able to determine what is being communicated.
Proxy Servers and Virtual Private Networks:
A proxy server serves as an intermediary between a web browser and another server on the Internet that
makes requests to websites, servers, and services on the Internet for you.