Dif remembering top integrated process

DIF: Remembering TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
KEY: Cancer development
MSC: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
2.
A nurse asks the staff development nurse what “apoptosis” means. What response best ?
a. Growth by cells enlarging
b. Having the normal number of chromosomes
c. Inhibition of cell growth
d. Programmed cell death
ANS: D
Apoptosis is programmed cell death. With this characteristic, organs and tissues function with
cells that are at their peak of performance. Growth by cells enlarging is hyperplasia. Having
the normal number of chromosomes is euploidy. Inhibition of cell growth is contact
inhibition.
DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
KEY: Cancer development
MSC: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
3.
A nurse is learning the difference between normal cells and benign tumor cells. What
information does this include?
a. Benign tumors grow through invasion of other tissue.
b. Benign tumors have lost their cellular regulation from contact inhibition.
c. Growing in the wrong place or time is typical of benign tumors.
d. The loss of characteristics of the parent cells is called anaplasia.
ANS: C
Benign tumors are basically normal cells growing in the wrong place or at the wrong time.
Benign cells grow through hyperplasia, not invasion. Benign tumor cells retain contact
inhibition. Anaplasia is a characteristic of cancer cells.
DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
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KEY: Cancer development
MSC: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
4.
A nurse learns that which of the following is the single biggest risk factor for developing
cancer?
a. Exposure to tobacco
b. Advancing age
c. Occupational chemicals
d. Oncovirus infection
ANS: B
The single biggest risk factor for developing cancer is advancing age. As one ages, immunity
decreases and exposures increase. Tobacco use is the single most preventable cause of cancer.
Exposure to chemicals and oncoviruses cause fewer cancers.
DIF: Remembering TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
KEY: Cancer development
MSC: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
5.
Which statement about carcinogenesis is accurate ?
a. An initiated cell will always become clinical cancer.
b. Cancer becomes a health problem once it is 1 cm in size.
c. Normal hormones and proteins do not promote cancer growth.
d. Tumor cells need to develop their own blood supply.
ANS: D
Tumors need to develop their own blood supply through a process called angiogenesis. An
initiated cell needs a promoter to continue its malignant path. Normal hormones and proteins
in the body can act as promoters. A 1-cm tumor is a detectable size, but other events have to
occur for it to become a health problem.