Neutrino- small electrically neutral particle associated with dark matter. Nuclear Fusion- Nuclear reaction where two fast moving nuclei collide and form one nucleus. Powers Stars Nuclear Fission- Nuclear reaction where nucleus splits forming two smaller ones. Releases a lot of energy. Molecular Cloud - Nebulae- interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium and other ionized gases Hydrostatic Equillibrium- when liquid is at rest, or velocity is constant over time. External forces balanced Brown Dwarfs- substellar objects not massive enough to sustain hydrogen reactions in their core. Protoplanetary Disk - rotating disk of dense gas surrounding a new, T tauri, or Herbig star Protoplanetary Outflow- two continuous outflows of gas from the poles a star^ T Tauri Stars- stars found near molecular clouds with strong chromospheric lines Red Dwarf- small relatively cool star on the main sequence. Most common type of star Sphagettification- stretching of objects into long thin shapes. Near black holes. Nothing can withstand Gravitational Redshifting- electromagnetic radiation is reduced in frequency. Weaker gravity field Solar system is 4.6 billion years old Eris is an icy object that orbits In the Kuiper belt like pluto Spectral lines are important- every element has their own Sun spots vary with a period of 11 years Granular appearance on sun is due to convective motion under. Sunspot light is redder and dimmer Hydrogen fusing into helium to power sun Few hundred thousand years for energy to get from core of sun out Photosphere=visible layer of sun Magnetic fields cause sunspots 5 billion years the sun can generate nuclear reactions in its core A lamp is lit in a dark room. Its temperature increases from room temperature to 25,000 degrees K. (It's a special lamp.) How does its color change when viewed with the naked eye VIBGYOR Corona=outer atmosphere Density of neutron star=atomic nucleus Colder temps help star formation core collapse is due to fusion leaving iron blackholes are produced by supernovae of massive stars event horizon-nothing can escape white dwarf same size as earth pulsar- rapidly rotating neutron star sun has completed half of its main sequence gold is produced through supernova of high mass stars explosion of supernova leaves blackhole PARALLAX