Acute infections cause an excess of wbcs known as

Acute infections cause an excess of WBCs known as ___ leukocytosis ______________.
A deficiency of WBCs, called ___ leukopenia __, can also indicate a variety of infections including
AIDS.
What is leukemia?
Overproduction of abnormal white blood cells that have cancerous traits
Granulocytes :
Why is this group called granulocytes?
These are granules that are observed in their cytoplasm when they have particular stains
Neutrophils:
Neutrophils have _ red ____-staining fine cytoplasmic granules and a __ multi __-lobed nucleus;
they comprise most of the leukocytes.
What is their function?
Phagocytize viruses, fungi, and bacteria.
What does diapedesis mean?
The squeezing of cells in blood vessel walls
Eosinophils:
Eosinophils have coarse granules that stain deep __ red _____, a ___ bi _______-lobed nucleus.
What are their functions?
Defend against particular parasites, moderate allergic reactions
Basophils:
Basophils have fewer granules that stain __ blue _______________.
Basophils produce chemicals, what are the functions of these chemicals?
(i) heparin- an anticoagulant, inhibits thrombin by enhancing the activity of
anthithrombin
(ii) histamine- Inflammatory chemical that acts like a vasodilator, like allergies.
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Agranulocytes :
Why are they called agranulocytes?
They do not have cytoplasmic granules
Monocytes:
Monocytes are the ___ largest ___ blood cells, have __ oval ______-shaped nuclei.
What is the function of the monocytes?
They phagocytize cellular debris and bacteria
Lymphocytes:
Lymphocytes are long-lived, have a large, __ spherical ____ nucleus.
What is their function?
Immunity response
Platelets = thrombocytes :
Blood platelets are fragments of big cells called __ megakaryocytes _______________________.
Platelets help repair damaged blood vessels by _____ adhering ___________ to their broken edges.
Plasma:
Plasma is the clear, straw-colored fluid portion of the blood.
Plasma is mostly _ water ___________________ but contains a variety of substances.
What are plasma’s functions?
Transports gases and nutrients, regulates electrolyte and fluid balance in the blood, and maintains
the acid base balance.
Plasma proteins: The plasma proteins are the most abundant dissolved substances in the plasma .
Briefly describe the functions of the following plasma proteins.
albumin: maintains the correct osmotic red of the plasma
globulin: the transport of lipid and fat soluble vitamin, some are antibodies
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fibrinogen: a glycoprotein that helps in the formation of blood clots
hormones: regulates and controls physiological functions
Other Plasma Components:
Nutrients and Gases
What are the two most important blood gases?