40gbs over four wavelengths on single mode fiber 10km

40Gb/s over four wavelengths on single-mode fiber, 10km
100GBASE-CR10 100Gb/s over ten wires of copper cabling, 7 m
100GBASE-SR10 100Gb/s over ten of multimode fibers, 100 m
100GBASE-LR4 100Gb/s over four wavelengths on single-mode fiber, 10km

TDC-463
Underlying Technologies
WAN Access Technology Options

Many underlying technologies access options!
Bonded
T1/E1
Ethernet
MSO/ Cable
COAX
Direct Fiber
WDM Fiber
Service
Provider 2
TDM
Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet
Direct Fiber
100Mbps/1Gbps/10
Gbps
SONET/ SDH
PON
Fiber
Ethernet
Service
Provider 1
Ethernet
Ethernet
WiMa
x
Ethernet
Packet
Wireless
DS3/E3
User to Network Interface (UNI)
Network to Network Interface
(NNI)

TDC-463
Access Methods & Applicable
Standards
Carrier Ethernet
Access Method
Technology Applicable Standards
Fiber
Ethernet over Active Fiber IEEE 802.3-2005
Ethernet over SONET/SDH
TU-T X.86 encapsulation
ITU-T G.707 and G.7043 (GFP-VCAT)
Ethernet over Passive Optical
Network
IEEE 802.3-2005 (EPON)
IEEE 802.3av (10GEPON)
ITU-T G.984 (GPON)
Broadband Forum WT-156, WT-167
Ethernet over HFC/DOCSIS DOCSIS 1.x, 2.x, 3.0, EuroDOCSIS
Copper
Bonded T1/E1
RFC1990 (Multilink PPP) and RFC3518 (BCP)
ITU-T G.7041 and G.7043 (GFP-VCAT)
ITU-T G.998.2 (G.bond)
DS3/E3 and bonded DS3/E3
ITU-T X.86 encapsulation with optional link aggregation
ITU-T G.7041 and G.7043 (GFP-VCAT)
ITU-T G.998.2 (G.bond)
2BASE-TL
IEEE 802.3-2005 2BASE-TL using ITU-T G.991.2 (G.SHDSL.bis)
Broadband Forum WT-201
10PASS-TS IEEE 802.3-2005 10PASS-TS using ITU-T G.993.1 (VDSL)
Wireless
Packet Microwave IEEE 802.3-2005 user interface
WiMAX IEEE 802.16
Free space optics IEEE 802.3-2005 user interface
WiFi IEEE 802.11
LTE 3GPP LTE Release 8

TDC-463
Underlying Technologies
WAN Switching

X.25

utilizes virtual circuit switching

Modest commercial success

Has been completely replaced

Frame Relay

Developed to replace X.25

utilizes virtual circuit switching + quality of service (QoS)

Commercial success, considered a legacy technology

Extensive frame relay network deployment exists today

ATM

Developed to replace Frame Relay

utilizes virtual circuit switching + quality of service (QoS) + fixed
small cell size

Modest commercial success, considered a legacy technology

Some ATM network deployment exists today
Page 65
More on Virtual Circuit Switching during week 3

TDC-463
LAN Networking Devices

Connecting devices

Repeaters (layer 1)

Hubs (layer 1)

Bridges (layer 2)

Switches (layer 2)

Routers (layer 3)
Page 66

TDC-463
LAN Networking Devices
Repeaters

LAN segment is a portion of a LAN to extend
length/reach

LAN Repeaters connect LAN segments

Two ports

Physical layer device

LAN segments must be of same type
Page 67

TDC-463
LAN Networking Devices
Hubs

Hub is a multi-port repeater

Hubs connect more than two LAN segments

> than two ports

Physical layer device

LAN segments must be of same type

Can be arranged in a hierarchical topology

Operates in one collision domain
Page 68

TDC-463
LAN Networking Devices
Collision Domains

All devices connected to a Hub (or Hub network)
are in the same collision domain

A collision domain is a set of LAN devices/hosts
whose frames could collide with one another due
to the broadcast based network topology

Ethernet