Muslims form part of the equation
According to homeland security, racial profiling is not only necessary but inevitable that race/
religion is a probative element in investigations owing to the national security is threat caused by
Muslims who are extremist. Based on this fact it is hard for the security agencies to exclude the
Muslims from the equation. Hence it’s sensible to concentrate on Maher Arar as an investigative
target in the wake of “Islamic extremism.” Arar got the attention of RCMP staffs due to his
relations & meeting with Mr Abdullah Almalki.
Arar had many traits that might have noted him as a threat if one accept the efficacy of racial
profiling: he was a Muslim who was well informed about wireless technology, was brought up in
Syria and had visited several nations which had a connection to terrorism. The rise of Islamic

RACIAL PROFILING IN THE WAR ON TERRORISM
7
extremism is what formed the basis for racial profiling hence the homeland security came to a
conclusion that Muslims were part of the equation. Homeland security carried out racial profiling
with the sole aim of disrupting the operations of the terrorist/Muslims since they hold the belief
that they are primary instigators of acts of terrorism (Durlauf, 2011, p, 419).
Risk management strategy
Homeland security carried out profiling since racial profiling makes statistical sense as a risk
management & resource distribution technique. Racial profiling became popular within the
circles of enforcers as an aspect of the overall move toward profiling and statistic based risk
management assumptions. Instead of appealing to empty claim regarding deterrences and
substitution, homeland security contended that racial profiling makes statistical or actuarial
sense.
The actuarial arguments for profiling are intended to appeal to value-free hard fact & seemingly
neutral figures. Profiling is showcased as a factor within the practice of risk management. Racial
profiling has been concluded to be a ‘smart law enforcement’. Homeland security holds the
belief that if one knows that the threat comes from inside a certain ethnic group, then it’s
logical/sensible to direct all resources to that particular ethnic group (Dubik, 2016). At the end of
it all, statistical/actuarial techniques have been used successfully in law enforcement operations
during the compilation of other forms of profiles like geographical profiling.
Analysis of racial profiling in the war on terrorism
Concentrating on Arabs, Muslims, and Sikhs who pose no or minimal risk to national
security tends to detract anti-terrorism efforts. Firstly, it divert precious law enforcers resources
away from investigation of people - like Arabs and Muslims that are suspected of being involved
in terrorist activities by certain & reliable evidence. Secondly, it ignores the possibilities that

RACIAL PROFILING IN THE WAR ON TERRORISM
8
other individuals who do not fit the profile might be engaging in acts of terrorism, or they might
be unwitting accomplices to terrorism. Racial profiling was not to be an inefficient measure of a


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- Fall '09
- September 11 attacks