Accept the subsidies to supply for the developed

accept the subsidies to supply for the developed countries leaving their country with less
and expensive supply of food.
Mary Joyce Abarsosa
Article 1: “Agricultural Ethics and Multifunctionality Are Unavoidable”
Stanislaus J. Dundon
October 1, 2017

Author Note:
Stanislaus J. Dundon
Stan Dundon received a complete training in undergraduate and graduate general ethics,
medical ethics and moral theology at Carmelite College of Philosophy and Theology. He has a
Ph.D. in the history and philosophy of science and technology from St. John’s University, New
York. Stanislaus focuses human values in science and technology, especially in agriculture and
the problem of world hunger. He also became one of the first two philosophers awarded an
American Association for the Advancement of Science Congressional Science Fellowship.
Article #2: “Agricultural Ethics and Multifunctionality Are Unavoidable”
Notes
 Jeffersonian Ideal: Hard-working, independently minded, and independently supported
citizens would be more ethical than the urban laboring class
 However, his own farm laborers were not
 Will not be excused from ethical judgment
 Expect farms to have alternative ways of farming
 John Adam’s farm was not entirely ethical
 He used slave labor
 The slaves were sold when he died and only 5 were free
 Poultry farms use low wage workers, and taxes of the citizens to cover the worker’s
health bills.
 Farms experienced soil exhaustion
 Commercial manures had to be made which overwhelmed scientists
 Soil conservation became a concern only when the dustbowl arise
 Soil conservation Service was passed
 Agriculturalists were aware of hard day to day life on farms
 The Country Life Movement became concerned of farm and rural life
 Inspired the founders of Bureau of Agricultural Economics
 Wanted a more social/economic agenda for farm life
 Economics used to support a more decent life for farmers
 Agencies were formed to help families with farms
 Farm population grew from 1930-1933 and then had a steady decline

 Job opportunities in the city began to open up in WWII
 Farms were needed to provide more food for people, however life in rural farms
continued to be ignored
 Smaller farms were being harmed, large farms were more favorable
 Agricultural economists became more like commentators rather than guides to
agriculture
 Farm populations dramatically dropped
 However, famines around the world caused kids to become interested in farming again
 Harmful effects of pesticides and other chemical uses on the farm were starting to
become recognized
 Schools started appearing under “Agriculture and Environmental Sciences”
 Office of Pesticides program to oversee safety evaluation of agricultural chemicals
 Chemicals were risky and not safe to have in the environment or the food
 Economists were trying to convince analysis of risk benefit
