1526 1542 Narvaez begins to expedition on coast Cabeza de Vaca hears of great

1526-1542 Narvaez begins to expedition on coast ○ Cabeza de Vaca hears of great Kingdom in SW ○ 1539 Coronado sends expeditions into N. America and discovers Pueblo ○ 1539 -1542 de Soto ventures to SE in Tampa to Mississippi and found little to no wealth ○ 1550 Spanish decides to forget about N.America ■ Later establish colonies in FL TX NM and CA ● “Spanish Borderlands” ● Used more for defense and evangelism ● 1573 Philip II (Charles I son) puts forth “Royal orders for New Discoveries” ○ Spaniards in New World will no longer conquer Indian groups but rather ask permission to settle with monks to evangelize ■ Secretly take control of Indian lands Florida : ● 1550 Spanish are extremely wealthy from Mexican Lands ● English French and Dutch began to raid Spanish ships ● 1560 Flotas ○ All ships will meet in Havana, Cuba ○ All ships will go together and take the stream quickly and safely ● French Huguenots established in FL to destroy Flotas ○ Spanish kill them all ● Florida becomes defensive column ● 1600 St. Augustine is the only presidios (fort) left standing ○ King wants flotas gone, waste of time ○ Monks says to save the church in the new world, King agrees ○ 1607 FL becomes more of a Christian settlement by setting up missions up the coast ○ By 1630 missionaries have moved all the way to Mississippi and have set up 50 missions in FL and 5 presidios ● Missionaries focus more on children and converting them ○ 1650 most of the Indians are evangelized and “hispanicized” ● Indians begin to fight back ○ Sexual immorality ○ Shame for multiple wives ○ Little tensions ○ Mostly peaceful settlements though ● While Priests bring new life and order they also bring disease ○ 1670 half the Indians are dead ● 1670 British South Carolina ○ Ally with Creeks

○ Attack and destroy all missions in FL ○ By 1700 only St. Augustine and Pensacola are left standing ● Creeks begin to move to FL ○ Bring cattle ○ Now known as Seminoles ● 1763 Spanish lose Florida to British and Seminoles New Mexico : ● 1580 Spanish go back to NM ● 1598 King and Council grant contract to Onate to reestablish Spanish presence in NM ○ Go to center of Pueblos and outsmart ○ 1608 Spanish reestablish themselves ○ Onate is replaced by Peralta ■ Peralta establishes Santa Fe ● King wants to abandon NM ○ Again Priests beg for church to stay, King agrees ○ 1629 hundreds of missionaries establish 40 missions in NM ○ Pueblos accept priests because of stuff they have (bribe) as well as protection from Apaches and Navajo ● Settlers bring horses to NM as they settle and ranch in haciendas ● 1670 drought hits and food becomes scarce ○ Indians have to give most the food to the Spanish ○ Still worship Kiva ○ Sexual immorality ● Spanish begin to whip Native Indian Priests ○ Pope unites Pueblo people to rebel and kill as many spaniards as possible ■ Half of spanish killed, other half retreat to El Paso ■ Didn’t retake NM until 1696 ●