about doing. If you cannot will that it should be done by everyone. You shouldn’t do it (no matter the reason) ■Illogical: You can’t steal because if everyone did it there would not be stores. ●Categorical Imperative-Second Formulation ○Act so that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in that of another, always as an end and never as a means only. ■Don’t use people. Don’t exploit or manipulate them. ■Respect human beings because they think for themselves and have an independent will. ●Common sense morality (WD Ross) 20th century philosopher ○Believed there were fundamental problems with utilitarianism and deontology ○Prima Facie duties ■On the face of it (first glance) ○He gave a list of example of duties “prima facie” duties but it is not taken as a complete least. There may be others that did not occur to him. ■Fidelity (faithfulness): if we make, we should keep the promise. ■Gratitude: if someone does something to assist us, we should repay them for their kindness. ■Reparation: If we injure someone,we should make up for the harm we did them. ■Justice: if we see that someone is being treated unfairly, we should do what is in our power to correct the injustice. ■Beneficence: We should improve the lives of other when we are able. ■Self-Improvement: We should improve our own lives( morally, intellectually, physically) to the extent we are able. ■Non-maleficence: We should avoid harming others. ○Ross Likes “common sense” because he thought “It avoids the “too rigid” objection against deontology and the “too flexible” objection against utilitarianism” ●Feminist ethics (Ethics of Care): Carol Gilligan)