In patients who are
symptomatic, a
thoracentesis needs to
be performed to relieve
the dyspnea,
respiratory distress, or
hypoxia.
Transjugular
intrahepatic
portosystemic shunt
(TIPS) is a procedure
that creates an
The most common
causes of pleural
effusion
are
congestive
heart
failure
,
pneumonia
, malignancies
and
pulmonary
embolism
.
A
pleural
effusion
is due to
the manifestations
of another illness.
pleural effusions
can be divided into
transudates
(caused by fluid
leaking from blood
vessels) and
exudates (where
fluid leaks from
The incidence of
hydrothorax
ranges between
1.6% and 10% of
PD patients
Approximately
25% of patients
remain
asymptomatic.
Patients with
adult polycystic
kidney disease
have a higher
incidence of
hydrothorax
complicating PD,
presumably due
to increased intra-
abdominal
pressure
update.com/members/
Pleural_Effusion_Hyd
rothorax.cfm
ic.org/health/diseases_
conditions/pleural-
effusion
ialhermann.org/service
s/pleural-effusion/
In a study conducted
in 75 randomly
selected units in
Canada and the
United States,
hydrothorax
accounted for 6% of
anatomical
complications in 200
patients studied
between July 2000
and June 2001.
Pleural effusions are
diagnosed annually in
>1.5 million people
in the USA.


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- Fall '13
- RICKJAMES
- Health Care Industry, Pneumothorax, Pleural effusion, respiratory health