Females on the continent and islands b d and c have a

drab legs and drab heads in both sexes. Females on the continent, and islands B, D, and C, have a preference
for mates with colored legs (blue or red), and females on Island-A have a narrower preference for only males
with red legs.
71) The presence of colored males on all the islands, irrespective the information from the phylogeny, supports
the hypothesis the hypothesis that:
A) Intersexual selection is stronger than intrasexual selection on the islands
B) Intersexual selection is weaker than intrasexual selection on the islands
C) the level of predation is weaker on the islands
D) The level of predation is weaker on the mainland
E) None of these answers are correct
72) If females on the continent, and all the islands, had the same level of preference for colored heads (blue or
green), then this pattern of female preference for head color would indicate that the evolution of colored heads
on islands is most likely explained by:
73) Suppose that the sisters of males with duller leg color (blue or red) had lower survival and produced fewer
offspring over their lifetime, and that this pattern was also found when the sister were reared by foster parents.
This finding would most support which model for the evolution of males with colored legs:

74) Suppose that females on the mainland had a preference for colored legs (blue or red) that was stronger than
that of females on all of the islands. This pattern best supports the hypothesis that the trait “colored legs”
evolved in the context of the:
75) If only males (but not females) on island-A had bright red eyes (instead of the brown eyes of all the other
species) and females on no island had mate preference for this phenotype, then red eyes probably evolved via
A) intersexual selection
B) intrasexual selection
C) female preference
D) male-male intimidation
E) Both answers B & D are correct.
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Use the following information for the next 5 questions (until you see a solid line):
Suppose that a virus caused infertility in a frog (blue-legged frog) by infecting developing eggs cells. The virus
enters the egg through a membrane receptor (like CD4) called receptor-X . No other pathogen uses receptor-X
to enter the egg cells. Sperm also enter the egg by binding to receptor-X –the more tightly the sperm bind the
receptor the faster they enter the egg. The frog is found in lowland lakes and also in mountain ponds, but the
virus only occurs in the lowland lakes. The populations living in mountain ponds and lowland lakes have been
isolated for many millions of years.