3691011append Critical listeningevaluative listening considering a big purchase

Book Notes (Ch. 3,6,9,10,11,appendix) Critical listening(evaluative listening): considering a big purchase Empathic listening: attempting to know how another person feels Appreciative listening: take pleasure in the sounds that you receive The Value of Listening Well Effective listening helps your career Effective listening saves time and money Effective listening creates opportunities Effective listening strengthens relationships Listening Challenges Listening barriers Environmental factors Loud noises impair our ability to listen Hearing and processing challenges **cont** Chapter 9: Communicating in Groups Understanding Groups Characteristics of groups Share some kind of relationship, communicate in an interdependent fashion Shared identity Common goals Interdependent relationships Group types Primary groups: long lasting groups that form around the relationships that mean the most to their members (family) Support group: come together addressing personal problems Social group: group offers opportunities to form relationships with others Problem solving group: manage struggles Study groups: helping students prepare for exams Focus group: individuals asked by a researcher Self directed work team: group of skilled workers who take responsibility for producing high quality finished work Group development Forming: members try to negotiate who will be in charge Storming: begin experiencing conflicts over issues such as who will lead the group Norming: recurring patterns of behavior that come to be accepted in a group as the usual way doing things Performing: combine skills to work toward goals Adjourning: task has come to an end Group Size and Communication Size and complexity Interaction is more formal Group communication cannot work informally due to more communicators

Book Notes (Ch. 3,6,9,10,11,appendix) Each member has limited opportunities to contribute Less intimate More time consuming Complex relationships Size and formation of cliques As group size increases, similar problems arise Cliques form: small subgroups Group size and social loafing Social loafing: failing to invest the same level of effort in the group that they’d put in if working alone Group networks Patterns of interaction governing who speaks with whom in a group and about what Centrality: most central person in the group receives and sends the highest number of messages Isolation: position from which a group member sends and receives fewer messages than other members Chain network: information is passed from one member to the next rather shared among members All channel network: all members are an equal distance from one another and interact with each other Wheel network: one individual acts as a touchstone or all others in group. Share information to one individual who shares with rest of group Understanding Group Roles Task roles: concerned with accomplishment of the group’s goals Social roles: reflect individual members’ personality traits and interests Antigroup roles: create problems because they serve individual members’ priorities at