Therapeutic DietsHigh-fiber (high-residue):This diet consists of fruits and vegetables and whole-grainproducts.Cardiac diet:Fat (saturated, trans-, polyunsaturated, and monounsaturated), cholesterol,and sodium are restricted.High-calorie, high-protein:Encourage nutrient-dense, high-calorie, high-protein foodssuch as whole milk and milk products, peanut butter, nuts and seeds, beef, chicken, fish,pork, and eggs. High-calorie foods include sugar, cream, gravy, oil, butter, mayonnaise,dried fruit, avocado, and honey. Encourage snacks between meals, such as milkshakes,instant breakfasts, and nutritional supplements.Sodium-restricted:Encourage intake of fresh rather than processed foods. Canned,frozen, instant, smoked, pickled, and boxed foods usually contain higher amounts ofsodium. Lunchmeats, soy sauce, salad dressings, fast foods, soups, and snacks such aspotato chips and pretzels also contain large amounts of sodium. Salt substitutes may beused to improve palatability, although most salt substitutes contain large amounts ofpotassium and should not be used by clients with renal disease.Protein-restricted:Special low-protein products such as pastas, bread, cookies, wafers,and gelatin made with wheat starch can improve energy intake and add variety to the diet.Carbohydrates in powder or liquid forms can be used to provide additional energy.Vegetables and fruits contain some protein and must be considered in the client who hasbeen prescribed a very low protein diet. Foods from the milk, meat, bread, and starchgroups are limited.
Therapeutic DietsHigh-fiber (high-residue):This diet consists of fruits and vegetables and whole-grainproducts.Cardiac diet:Fat (saturated, trans-, polyunsaturated, and monounsaturated), cholesterol,and sodium are restricted.High-calorie, high-protein:Encourage nutrient-dense, high-calorie, high-protein foodssuch as whole milk and milk products, peanut butter, nuts and seeds, beef, chicken, fish,pork, and eggs. High-calorie foods include sugar, cream, gravy, oil, butter, mayonnaise,dried fruit, avocado, and honey. Encourage snacks between meals, such as milkshakes,instant breakfasts, and nutritional supplements.Sodium-restricted:Encourage intake of fresh rather than processed foods. Canned,frozen, instant, smoked, pickled, and boxed foods usually contain higher amounts ofsodium. Lunchmeats, soy sauce, salad dressings, fast foods, soups, and snacks such aspotato chips and pretzels also contain large amounts of sodium. Salt substitutes may beused to improve palatability, although most salt substitutes contain large amounts ofpotassium and should not be used by clients with renal disease.Protein-restricted:Special low-protein products such as pastas, bread, cookies, wafers,and gelatin made with wheat starch can improve energy intake and add variety to the diet.
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